Acids, Alkalis, Bases, Titrations, Salt Preparations

Question 1

Litmus colours

Answer 1

Red - Blue

Question 2

Methyl Orange

Answer 2

Red - Yellow

Question 3

Phenophthalein

Answer 3

Colourless - pink

Question 4

Universal indicator

Answer 4

Red - Blue

Question 5

What are bases?

Answer 5

Bases are substances that neutralise acids by combining with the hydrogen ions in them

Question 6

Common sodium, potassium and ammonium compounds are?

Answer 6

Soluble

Question 7

All nitrates are?

Answer 7

Soluble

Question 8

Common chlorides are?

Answer 8

Soluble (except silver and lead)

Question 9

Common sulphates are?

Answer 9

Soluble (expect barium calcium and lead)

Question 10

Common carbonates are?

Answer 10

Insoluble (except sodium potassium and ammonium)

Question 11

Common hydroxides are?

Answer 11

Insoluble (except sodium potassium and calcium)

Question 12

Metal + acid

Answer 12

= salt + hydrogen

Question 13

Metal oxide + acid

Answer 13

= salt + water

Question 14

Metal hydroxide + acid

Answer 14

Salt + water

Question 15

Metal carbonate + acid

Answer 15

= salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 16

Ammonia + acid

Answer 16

= ammonium salt

Question 17

What are alkalis?

Answer 17

Soluble bases

Question 18

If you want to make a soluble salt and the base is soluble?

Answer 18

Titration

Question 19

If you want to make an insoluble salt?

Answer 19

Precipitation

Question 20

If you want to make a soluble salt from an insoluble base?

Answer 20

Prac with no name

Question 21

RP: Making copper sulfate crystals

Answer 21

1) Add 50cm3 of sulfuric acid to a 100cm3
2) Heat the acid whilst stirring with a glass rod (stop heating the acid when it reaches 60 degrees)
3) weigh out copper oxide into measuring boat - transfer to beaker
4) stir beaker for 5 mins
5) Filter the mixture into an evaporating basin

Collecting the crystals:

1) collect crystals by filtering under reduced pressure
2) use spatula - scrape crystals onto blue roll
3) gently dry crystals
4) record mass of dry crystals, stick and sample vial

Question 22

What is an acid?

Answer 22

It’s a donor of protons as it gives of hydrogen when dissolved in water

Question 23

Difference between strong and weak acids

Answer 23

Strong acids are fully ionised, but weak acids are only partly ionised in solution

Question 24

What is precipitation?

Answer 24

When we combine 2 soluble salts to make an insoluble salt

Question 25

Acids give off what to other substances?

Answer 25

Protons

Question 26

Bases are proton......?

Answer 26

Acceptors

Question 27

Acids in aqueous solutions are a source of what ions?

Answer 27

Hydrogen

Question 28

Alkalis in aqueous solutions are a source of what ions?

Answer 28

Hydroxide