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C1 topic 3: Chemical changes > Acids, alkalis and neutralisation > Flashcards

Acids, alkalis and neutralisation Flashcards

1
Q

Acids are a source of which type of ion?

A

Hydrogen (H+)

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2
Q

Alkalis are a source of which type of ion?

A

Hydroxide (OH-)

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3
Q

What is the pH range of acids? Which pH are the strongest acids?

A

pH1-6. Strongest acids are pH 1

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4
Q

What is the pH range of alkalis? Which pH are the strongest alkalis?

A

pH8-14. Strongest alkalis are pH 14

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5
Q

What is a neutral solution?

A

A solution with pH 7

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6
Q

What is the difference between a base and an alkali?

A

Alkalis are soluble bases

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7
Q

What is an indicator?

A

A chemical which changes colour in solutions with different pHs

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8
Q

Which colours does universal indicator turn in acids, alkalis and neutral solutions?

A

Red, orange and yellow in acids
Green in neutral
Blue and purple in alkalis

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9
Q

Which colours does phenolphthalein turn in acids, alkalis and neutral solutions?

A

Colourless in acid and neutral solutions, pink in alkalis

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10
Q

Which colours does methyl orange turn in acids, alkalis and neutral solutions?

A

pink/red in acid, yellow/orange in alkalis and neutral solutions

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11
Q

Which colours does litmus turn in acids, alkalis and neutral solutions?

A

red in acid, blue in alkali. Does not change colour in neutral solutions (red litmus will stay red, blue litmus will stay blue)

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12
Q

What is the difference between a dilute and concentrated acid?

A

A dilute acid has a small amount of dissolved acid particles. A concentrated acid contains a large amount of dissolved acid particles

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13
Q

What is the difference between a strong and weak acid?

A

Strong acids completely dissociate to form ions in solution. A weak acid only partially dissociates in solution.

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14
Q

Acid + base -> ?

A

-> salt + water

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15
Q

Acid + metal ->?

A

-> salt + hydrogen gas

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16
Q

Acid + metal carbonate -> ?

A

-> salt + water + carbon dioxide

17
Q

Which type of salt is formed by hydrochloric acid?

A

chloride

18
Q

Which type of salt is formed by nitric acid?

A

nitrate

19
Q

Which type of salt is formed by sulphuric acid?

A

sulphate

20
Q

What is the test for hydrogen gas?

A

hold a lit splint, gas will make a squeaky pop noise

21
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

bubble through limewater, limewater will turn cloudy.

22
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

A reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water.

C1 topic 3: Chemical changes (3 decks)

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