Acids, alkalis and bases

Question 1

What are acids?

Answer 1

Release H+ ions in aqueous solutions so they are defined as a proton donor

Question 2

What are alkalis?

Answer 2

Release OH- in aqueous solutions

Question 3

What are classified as bases?

Answer 3

Metal oxides
Alkalis
Metal carbonates

Question 4

Are alkalis soluble or insoluble?

Answer 4

Soluble

Question 5

Are bases soluble or insoluble?

Answer 5

Insoluble

Question 6

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid?

Answer 6

HCl

Question 7

What is the formula of nitric acid?

Answer 7

HNO3

Question 8

What is the formula of ethanoic acid?

Answer 8

CH3COOH

Question 9

What is a strong acid?

Answer 9

Proton donors that completely dissociate in aqueous solution

Question 10

What are some example strong acids?

Answer 10

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Phosphoric acid (H2PO3)

Question 11

Give an example of a strong acid equation

Answer 11

HCl (aq) –> H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

Question 12

What is a weak acid?

Answer 12

Proton donors that partially dissociate in aqueous solution

Question 14

Give an example of a weak acid equation

Answer 14

CH3COOH (aq) ⇌ H+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq)

Question 15

What is a base?

Answer 15

Neutralise acids to form salts and are defined as a proton acceptor

Question 16

What is an alkali?

Answer 16

A base that dissolve in water releasing hydroxide ions

Question 17

Why is ammonia classed as an alkali?

Answer 17

When it is added to water ammonium ion & hydroxide ions are formed