Acids Flashcards
What does oxidising mean
Provides oxygen which allows other materials to burn easier
What does harmful mean
Like toxic but not as dangerous
What does highly flammable mean
Catches fire easily
What does toxic mean
Can cause death by swallowing breathing in or absorption through the skin
What does irritant mean
Not corrosive but can cause redness or blistering of the skin
What does corrosive mean
Attacks and destroys living tissues including the skin and eyes
What are examples of acids and their Phs
Stomach acid ph0
Lemon juice ph2
Acid rain ph4
Normal rain ph5
What are examples of alkalis and their phs
Caustic soda ph14 Oven cleaner ph13 Ammonia ph12 Pancreatic juice ph9 Washing up liquid ph8
What happens in a neutralisation reaction
Acid + base -> salt + water
The products are neutral
What are the uses of neutralisation reactions
Salts are used in fertilisers
Salts are used in fire works as colour
Why do we have stomach acid
Aid digestion
Enzymes in the stomach work best at and acidic ph
It helps to kill bacteria
What do indigestion tablets do
They neutralise some excess stomach acid by using a base such as calcium carbonate
Hydrochloric acid + copper oxide ->
Copper chloride and water
Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide ->
Sodium chloride + water
Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate->
Sodium chloride + water + carbon dioxide
What is electrolysis
The decomposition of a substance using electrical energy
A liquid is required to conduct the electricity
The electricity is applied to the electrolyte using electrodes
What is the anode
The positively charged electrode
What is an anion
A negatively charged ion
What is the cathode
Negatively charged electrode
What is the cation
The positively charged ion
What is the test for chlorine gas
Chlorine bleached damp litmus paper turning it white
What is the test for hydrogen
Hydrogen makes a squeaky pop when a lit split is put into test tube with hydrogen present
Describe electrolysis of salt
Sea water or brine can be decomposed by electrolysis this makes chlorine gas
What is chlorine gas used for
To treat water supplies by killing bacteria
For manufacture of bleach
To make poly(chloroethene)
What is the test for oxygen
If a glowing splint is put into oxygen then it will relight
