Acids Flashcards
What are the common bases?
Metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia
Acid definition
A species capable of donating a proton
Acids release H+ ions in aqueous solution
What is an alkali?
A soluble base that releases OH- ions in aqueous solution
What are some common alkalis?
Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
Potassium hydroxide, KOH
Aqueous ammonia, NH3
How is a salt produced?
When the H+ ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or NH4+
Acid + metal carbonate –>
Salt + H2O + CO2
Bubbles of CO2 will be produced
Acid + base –>
Salt + H2O
The solid will dissolve
Acid + alkali –>
Salt + H2O
Base definition
A species capable of accepting a proton
Bases readily accept H+ ions from an acid
Hydrated definition
A crystalline compound containing water molecules
Anhydrous definition
A substance that contains no water molecules
Water of crystallisation definition
Water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound
Describe how an acid-base titration would be carried out
Using a pipette, add a measured volume of one solution into a conical flask
The other solution is placed in a burette
The solution in the burette is added to the solution in the comical flask until the reaction has just been completed. This is called the end point of the titration. The volume of soliton added from the burette is measured
The end point is identified using an indicator
Colours of methyl orange in acid and base
Red in acid
Yellow in base
Colour of bromothymol blue in acid and base
Yellow in acid
Blue in base
