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Chemistry Unit 1 > Acids > Flashcards

Acids Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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2
Q

What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

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3
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid?

A

HNO3

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4
Q

What is the formula for phosphoric acid?

A

H3PO4

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5
Q

What is the formula for methanoic acid?

A

HCOOH

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6
Q

What is the formula for ethanoic acid?

A

CH3COOH

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7
Q

What is the formula for propanoic acid?

A

C2H5COOH

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8
Q

What is the definition of a strong acid?

A

Releases H+ ions in aqueous solution

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9
Q

What is the definition of a weak acid?

A

Partially dissociates in aqueous solution

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10
Q

True or False: Strong acids completely dissociate when dissolved in water.

A

True

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Acids release ______ ions (protons) in aqueous solution.

A

H+

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12
Q

What occurs when an acid dissociates in water?

A

Forms a proton and a negative anion

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13
Q

What happens to weak acids when dissolved in water?

A

Partially dissociate

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14
Q

What is the state of acids when dissolved in water?

A

Aqueous state (aq)

Acids dissociate into ions when in aqueous solution.

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15
Q

What is the dissociation equation for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl (aq) → H⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)

Hydrochloric acid is a monoprotic strong acid.

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16
Q

What is the dissociation equation for sulfuric acid?

A

H₂SO₄ (aq) → 2H⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq)

Sulfuric acid is a diprotic strong acid.

17
Q

What is the dissociation equation for methanoic acid?

A

HCOOH (aq) ⇌ HCOO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Methanoic acid is a monoprotic weak acid, using reversible arrows.

18
Q

What is the dissociation equation for phosphoric acid?

A

H₃PO₄ (aq) ⇌ H₂PO₄⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Phosphoric acid is a weak acid, thus uses reversible arrows.

19
Q

What is the dissociation equation for nitric acid?

A

HNO₃ (aq) → H⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq)

Nitric acid is a strong acid.

20
Q

What is the dissociation equation for ethanoic acid?

A

CH₃COOH (aq) ⇌ CH₃COO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Ethanoic acid is a weak acid, thus uses reversible arrows.

21
Q

What is the dissociation equation for propanoic acid?

A

C₂H₅COOH (aq) ⇌ C₂H₅COO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Propanoic acid is a weak acid.

22
Q

What is the dissociation equation for ethanedioic acid?

A

C₂H₂O₄ (aq) ⇌ 2H⁺ (aq) + C₂O₄²⁻ (aq)

Assume both protons are lost in the dissociation.

23
Q

What type of acid dissociation uses reversible arrows?

A

Weak acids

This indicates that the dissociation can go back to the original form.

24
Q

What is a characteristic of a monoprotic acid?

A

Donates one proton

Examples include hydrochloric acid and methanoic acid.

25
Q

What is a characteristic of a diprotic acid?

A

Donates two protons

An example is sulfuric acid.

26
Q

What is a base

A

Any substance that reacts with an acid. It is also any substance that neutralizes acids

27
Q

Subsets of base

A

Carbonates, oxides, hydroxide, alkalis

28
Q

What is an alkali

A

A soluble base that dissolves in water to for hydroxide ions. It releases hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

29
Q

What is a salt

A

They are formed in a neutralization reaction. A chemical compound formed from the he reaction of an acid and a base with all of part of the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a metal or another cation.

30
Q

Salts are formed by

A

Neutralizing acids with alkalis, or carbonates

Chemistry Unit 1 (2 decks)

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