Acids

Question 1

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

Answer 1

HCl

Question 2

What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

Answer 2

H2SO4

Question 3

What is the formula for nitric acid?

Answer 3

HNO3

Question 4

What is the formula for phosphoric acid?

Answer 4

H3PO4

Question 5

What is the formula for methanoic acid?

Answer 5

HCOOH

Question 6

What is the formula for ethanoic acid?

Answer 6

CH3COOH

Question 7

What is the formula for propanoic acid?

Answer 7

C2H5COOH

Question 8

What is the definition of a strong acid?

Answer 8

Releases H+ ions in aqueous solution

Question 9

What is the definition of a weak acid?

Answer 9

Partially dissociates in aqueous solution

Question 10

True or False: Strong acids completely dissociate when dissolved in water.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Acids release ______ ions (protons) in aqueous solution.

Answer 11

H+

Question 12

What occurs when an acid dissociates in water?

Answer 12

Forms a proton and a negative anion

Question 13

What happens to weak acids when dissolved in water?

Answer 13

Partially dissociate

Question 14

What is the state of acids when dissolved in water?

Answer 14

Aqueous state (aq)

Acids dissociate into ions when in aqueous solution.

Question 15

What is the dissociation equation for hydrochloric acid?

Answer 15

HCl (aq) → H⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)

Hydrochloric acid is a monoprotic strong acid.

Question 16

What is the dissociation equation for sulfuric acid?

Answer 16

H₂SO₄ (aq) → 2H⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq)

Sulfuric acid is a diprotic strong acid.

Question 17

What is the dissociation equation for methanoic acid?

Answer 17

HCOOH (aq) ⇌ HCOO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Methanoic acid is a monoprotic weak acid, using reversible arrows.

Question 18

What is the dissociation equation for phosphoric acid?

Answer 18

H₃PO₄ (aq) ⇌ H₂PO₄⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Phosphoric acid is a weak acid, thus uses reversible arrows.

Question 19

What is the dissociation equation for nitric acid?

Answer 19

HNO₃ (aq) → H⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq)

Nitric acid is a strong acid.

Question 20

What is the dissociation equation for ethanoic acid?

Answer 20

CH₃COOH (aq) ⇌ CH₃COO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Ethanoic acid is a weak acid, thus uses reversible arrows.

Question 21

What is the dissociation equation for propanoic acid?

Answer 21

C₂H₅COOH (aq) ⇌ C₂H₅COO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Propanoic acid is a weak acid.

Question 22

What is the dissociation equation for ethanedioic acid?

Answer 22

C₂H₂O₄ (aq) ⇌ 2H⁺ (aq) + C₂O₄²⁻ (aq)

Assume both protons are lost in the dissociation.

Question 23

What type of acid dissociation uses reversible arrows?

Answer 23

Weak acids

This indicates that the dissociation can go back to the original form.

Question 24

What is a characteristic of a monoprotic acid?

Answer 24

Donates one proton

Examples include hydrochloric acid and methanoic acid.

Question 25

What is a characteristic of a diprotic acid?

Answer 25

Donates two protons

An example is sulfuric acid.

Question 26

What is a base

Answer 26

Any substance that reacts with an acid. It is also any substance that neutralizes acids

Question 27

Subsets of base

Answer 27

Carbonates, oxides, hydroxide, alkalis

Question 28

What is an alkali

Answer 28

A soluble base that dissolves in water to for hydroxide ions. It releases hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution

Question 29

What is a salt

Answer 29

They are formed in a neutralization reaction. A chemical compound formed from the he reaction of an acid and a base with all of part of the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a metal or another cation.

Question 30

Salts are formed by

Answer 30

Neutralizing acids with alkalis, or carbonates