Acids Flashcards
What are the pH levels for acid?
1-6
Types of indicators
Litmus paper
Universal indicator
Methyl orange
Phenolphthalein
What colour does litmus paper turn for acids?
Red
What colour does universal indicator turn for acid?
Red for strong acid, yellow for weak acid
What colour does methyl orange turn for acid?
Red
Wht colour does phenolphthalein turn for acid?
Colour less
What metal does hydrochloric acid create?
Metal chloride
What metal does sulphuric acid create?
Metal sulphates
What metal does nitric acid create?
Metal nitrates
What does dilute mean?
A low concert ration
What doe concerntration mean?
A high concentration
What does weak mean?
An acid this is partly ionises in water
What does strong mean?
An acid that is fully ionised in water
What kind of proportion does concentrated acid have?
High proportion of acid molecules
What kind of proportion does dilute acid have?
Low proportion of acid molecules
Why is a white tile used under the flask when adding theacid to the alkali?
To make sure you can see when the liquid turns colourless
Why does the brunette need to be flushed out before beginning the titration?
So no air bubbles form
What happens in acid-alkali neutralisation reactions?
Hydrogen ion from the acid react with hydroxide ions from the alkali
What happens when the solution is warmed during crystallisation?
Some of the solvent evaporates leaving behind more concentration solution
What substances form alkalis?
Hydroxide (oh -)ions when dissolve inwater
What substances form acids?
Hydrogen (h+) ions when they dissolve in water
What do acids and alkali create when combined?
Neutralise each other and produce salt + water
What does it mean if weak acids only partially ionise water?
It means not all the acid molecules break up to form H+ ions.
What does it mean if acid fully ionises water?
It means all the acid molecules break up to form H+ ions
What is an example of a strong acid?
Sulfuric and nitric acid
What ph scale is neutral?
Exactly 7
What ph scaleis acid
Anything less than 7
What ph scale is alkali?
Anything more than 7
What ph are strong acids?
Closer to O
What ph are weak acids?
Closer to 7
Whatph are strong alkalis?
Closer to 14
What ph are weak alkalis?
Closer to 8
What is the concentration of H+ ions at ph O?
1 mol/dm^3
What is the concentration of H+ ions when ph is 1?
0.1mol/ dm 3
How to work out the concentration of H+ ions?
For every increase of 1 ph, the concentration of H+ ions gets divided by 10
