Acide-Base Flashcards

1
Q

acide fort

A
HCl: acide chlorhydrique 
HBr
HI
HNO3: acide nitrique 
HClO4: acide perchlorique
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2
Q

base conjuguée acide fort

A

très faible
force nulle
Cl-, ClO4-

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3
Q

acide faible

A
type R-COOH
acide trichloro/chloro acétique
NH4+: ion ammonium
HClO: acide hypochloreux 
HF: acide fluorhydrique
HCN: acide cyanhydrique 
C6H5OH: phénol
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4
Q

base conjuguée d’un acide faible

A

base faible

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5
Q

polyacides fort

A

H2SO4: acide sulfurique (diacide)

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6
Q

polyacides faibles

A
H2CO3: acide carbonique, diacide
H2S: acide sulfhydrique, diacide
(COOH)2: acide oxalique, diacide
H3PO4: acide phosphorique, triacide 
C2H4O2(COOH)2: acide tartrique, diacide
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7
Q

base forte

A
- hydroxydes d’alcali:
LiOH: hydroxyde de lithium 
NaOH: hydroxyde de sodium ou soude
KOH: potasse
- R4NOH: hydroxyde d’ammonium quaternaire
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8
Q

acide conjugué base forte

A

acide très faible
force nulle
Na+

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9
Q

base faible

A

NH3: ammoniac
CH3COO-: ion acétate
SO42-

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10
Q

acide conjugué base faible

A

acide faible

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11
Q

pH AF

A

si C > 10^-6 pH = -log C

si C < 10^-6 auto-ionisation de l’eau non négligeable

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12
Q

pH BF

A

pH = 14 + log B

si B > 10^-6

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13
Q

pH af

A

pH = 1/2pKa - 1/2logC

si FI < 10% soit pH < pKa -1

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14
Q

pH bf

A

pH = 7 + 1/2 pKa + 1/2 logC

si FP < 10% soit pH > pKa + 1

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15
Q

pH polyacide faible

A

pH = 1/2pKa1 - 1/2logC

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16
Q

sel d’acide faible dissolution dans l’eau

A
acide faible (+ base très faible)
solution acide
17
Q

sel de base faible dissolution dans l’eau

A
base faible (+ acide très faible) 
solution basique