Acid Etching for Enamel and Dentin Bonding

Question 1

Know compositions of Enamel and Dentin

1. Mineral/Inorganic
2. Organic
3. Water

Answer 1

Enamel: 88-M, 2-O, 10-W

Dentin: 50-M, 25-O, 25-W

Question 2

3 Jobs etching accomplishes

Answer 2

1. Dissolves hydroxy apatite
2. Removes smear layer
3. Increases total surface energy

Question 3

What is the % of phosphoric acid used for enamel etching?

Answer 3

30 - 40%

Question 4

Does increasing the depth of demineralization increase bond strength?

Answer 4

NO! It will actually increase post-op sensitivity!

Question 5

Degree or _______ varies enormously from acid to acid and from patient to patient

Answer 5

decalcification

Question 6

TERM – used to improve estheritcs because it makes the visual transition from tooth to composite more gradual

Easier to hide finish lines if they are VERTICAL and HORIZONTAL rather than diagonal

Answer 6

Bevels

Question 7

How long should you etch primary teeth?

Answer 7

60 - 120 seconds

Question 8

Etching enamel for as little as _____ seconds produces the same bond strength as etching for longer

Answer 8

15 seconds

Question 9

If you over etch dentin, bond strength will —?

Answer 9

DECREASE

Question 10

Dentin is a ____ bonding to enamel?

Answer 10

Secondary

Question 11

6 Steps of Bonding to Enamel

Answer 11

1. Shade selection prior to RD isolation
2. Place bevel and remove unsupported enamel
3. Etch enamel
4. Rinse and Dry
5. Place enamel bonding resin (NO SCRUB)
6. Place restorative composite

Question 12

After enamel has been etched, saliva _______ the bond strength to enamel

Answer 12

DECREASES

Question 13

How must you treat a contaminated etched tooth?

Answer 13

RE-ETCHING

Question 14

Does GI require etching?

Answer 14

NO -Chemical bonding between:

1. Polycarboxylic/ Phosphate monomers
2. Hydroxyapatite

Question 15

5 Steps for Bonding to Dentin

Answer 15

1. Etch dentin for 15 seconds (NO MORE)
2. Rinse and Dry (not overdrying)
3. Place dentin/enamel bonding resin
4. Scrub bonding resin (unlike enamel)
5. Place restorative composite

Question 16

True/ False

Water will contaminate etched enamel

Answer 16

False!

Saliva and Blood will contaminate etched enamel!

Question 17

Properties of Dentin

1. Contributes ___ % to the hardness of enamel
2. _____ tensile strength and _____ modulus of elasticity than enamel
3. ________ properties
4. Stops the propagation of _______ in the enamel

Answer 17

1. 20%
2. higher tensile strength and lower modulus of elasticity
3. isotropic properties
4. most cracks

Question 18

Is dentin uniformly mineralized?

Answer 18

NO

Question 19

Which is more mineralized – peritubular or intertubular dentin?

Answer 19

Peritubular Dentin

Question 20

Tubule density changes with _____?

Answer 20

location

Question 21

Dentin relies on the penetration of adhesive monomers into ______ fibers

Answer 21

Collagen

Question 22

In order to create microtags in enamel, you should etch with strong or weak acid?

Answer 22

STRONG

Question 23

You should etch dentin with a strong or weak acid?

Answer 23

WEAK

Question 24

The type of class # with the highest C factor =

Answer 24

Class I

Question 25

Is composite packable and condensable like amalgam?

Answer 25

NO

Question 26

TERM--- 1. Adheres to layer of tooth debris, saliva, and bacteria 2. Covers surface and plugs tubules to reduce permeability 3. Weak cohesion and adhesion (limits bond strengths)

Answer 26

SMEAR LAYER

Question 27

If dentin becomes dessicated, \_\_\_\_% of the bond strength is lost

Answer 27

50%

Question 28

How can you restore the bond strength if dentin is dessicated?

Answer 28

Rehydrate with water to open the collagen fibers prior to the next step of the restoration

Question 29

Does a composite resin fight against caries if leaking occurs?

Answer 29

NO

Question 30

Should a tooth be wet or dry when diagnosing caries?

Answer 30

DRY

Question 31

What allows for the composite restoration to able to add another layer or composite? (unless contaminated with blood or saliva)

Answer 31

Oxygen Inhibition Layer

Question 32

Is it necessary to redo the whole composite if you find a void with an explorer post curing?

Answer 32

NO- simply use bond and composite to patch the void

Question 33

Does self-etching primers remove the smear layer?

Answer 33

NO- there will be a hybrid and smear layer entanglement

Question 34

Does total etch remove the smear layer?

Answer 34

Yes! A hybrid layer entanglement will occur with resin adhesive

Question 35

The bonding agent will penetrate thru the __________ dentin and forms the hybrid layer (resin-dentin interdiffusion zone)

Answer 35

Intertubular Dentin

Question 36

**Greater #** of blades on a bur = smooth/rough cutting?

Answer 36

Smoother

Question 37

If a patient is at high risk for root caries, what restoration material should be considered?

Answer 37

Glass Ionomer

Question 38

When polishing a composite, you should begin with the ______ to ______ abrasive disks

Answer 38

Coarse to fine

Question 39

True or False? Silicane is the nano filler particle

Answer 39

FALSE-- fillers are glass particles

Question 40

Is using color the best indication for determining caries?

Answer 40

NO -- arrested caries are **darker** than active caries; staining

Question 41

When polishing a composite with a rotary instrument, it is important to keep in mind that it results in.... 1. 2.

Answer 41

1. Heavy Force 2. Heat Production

Question 42

What was the initial dentin bonding system like?

Answer 42

3 step system 1. Strong acid 2. Primer scrubbed into dentin 3. Resin adhesive, thinned, and polymerized with light

Question 43

True or False The 3 step dentin bonding system is technique sensitive

Answer 43

TRUE; however it is the GOLD STANDARD!

Question 44

Primers are solutions containing ______ monomers dissolved in a solvent such as acetone, ethanol or water.

Answer 44

Hydrophilic

Question 45

In order to simplify the 3 step dentin etching system... What 2 components were added together to **create a 2 step system**?

Answer 45

1. Acidic Etch 2. **Primer** and **Bonding Agent**

Question 46

What components are part of the optibond solo plus?

Answer 46

1. Primer 2. Bond 2-Step dentin etch technique (with use of acid etch first)

Question 47

How exactly does dessicating the dentin prevent the bonding integrity?

Answer 47

1. Collagen bridges collapse 2. Poor penetration of primer/bond 3. Unhealthy hybrid layer

Question 48

Describe how to use the optibond solo plus

Answer 48

1. Apply primer/bond 2. Scrub for 15sec on all areas of tooth needing bonding 3. Blow air to thin 4. Repeat steps 1-3 5. Light cure for 20 seconds

Question 49

What is the purpose of using 2 layers of primer/bond?

Answer 49

1. Improve penetration 2. Thicker hybrid layer 3. Increases bonding agent coverage and strength

Question 50

Thoughts about One-Step Self-etch?

Answer 50

BAD Several challenges with all 3 components were combined into one bottle.

Question 51

Dental Composite setting reaction is a \_\_\_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ setting reaction

Answer 51

Free-Radical-Initiating Setting Reaction

Question 52

The oxygen inhibition layer consists of many ______ monomers which allow for the continuation of added composite if needed.

Answer 52

Uncured (non-polymerized resin)