Acid base imbalances

Question 1

The less you breathe out the less _____ will come out?

Answer 1

CO2 = more CO2 is retained so the body is more acidic

Question 2

increased respiratory rate will result in _____?

Answer 2

hyperventilation will result in less co2 in the body making it more alkalotic

Question 3

the more co2 thats retained in the body will make the body acidic or alk?

Answer 3

acidic

Question 4

the more co2 that is expelled will make the body more acidic or alk?

Answer 4

alk

Question 5

more carbon dioxide means

Answer 5

acid

Question 6

low and slow RR

Answer 6

respiratory acidosis

Question 7

fast respiratory rate

Answer 7

respiratory alkalosis

Question 8

vomiting (losing acid) + NG tube suctioning

Answer 8

metabolic alkalosis

Question 9

diarrhea (pooping out base) and renal failure

Answer 9

metabolic acidosis (if it comes out your ACIDosis than it will always be metabolic acidisos)

Question 10

normal PH level

Answer 10

7.35-7.45

Question 11

what is PH?

Answer 11

measurement of how acidic/alk your blood is

Question 12

What is PACO2?

Answer 12

measurement of the carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 13

what is HCO3?

Answer 13

measurement of the bicarbonate in the blood
bicarb=base

Question 14

what is PAO2

Answer 14

measurement of oxygen in the blood

Question 15

PACO2 level

Answer 15

35-45

Question 16

HCO3 level

Answer 16

22-26

Question 17

PAO2 level

Answer 17

80-100

Question 18

if the PH is high, and the Co2 is low what is it?

Answer 18

respiratory alkalosis

Question 19

if the PH is low, co2 is high what is it?

Answer 19

respiratory acidosis

Question 20

if the Ph is high and HCO3 is high what is it?

Answer 20

metaboli alkalosis

Question 21

if the ph is low and so is the hco3 what is it?

Answer 21

metabolic acidosis

Question 22

CNS depressants make the breathing slow, opiods, benzos, and alcohol intoxication

Answer 22

putting the body in acidosis

Question 23

hyperventilation; panic attack

Answer 23

respiratory alkalosis

Question 24

breathing fast

Answer 24

respiratory alkalosis

Question 25

breathing slow

Answer 25

respiratory acidosis

Question 26

respiratory acidosis patho

Answer 26

lungs are retaining too much co2 the kidneys will compensate by excreting excess hydrogen and retain bicarb

Question 27

respiratory alkalosis patho

Answer 27

the lungs are losing too much co2 so the kidneys excrete excess bicarb and retain hydrogen

Question 28

respiratory acidosis causes

Answer 28

depress breathing Drugs Edema Pneumonia Resp center of brain is damaged Emboli Spasms of bronchial (asthma) Sac eleasticity damage (copd and emphysema)

Question 29

respiratory acidosis S/S

Answer 29

low bp low RR increased HR confusion headache sleepy/coma restlessness

Question 30

respiratory acidosis interventions

Answer 30

administer 02 semi fowlers position turn, cough, deep breathe pneumonia: increase fluids to thin secretions and administer antibiotics if co2 >50 may need endotracheal tube monitor potassium levels

Question 31

respiratory alkalosis causes

Answer 31

losing CO2 tachypnea increased temp aspirin toxicity starvation hyperventilation

Question 32

respiratory alkalosis S/S

Answer 32

respiratory distress drowsiness confusion headache warm flushed skin nausea vomiting diarrhea abdominal pain chvostek sign

Question 33

respiratory alkalosis interventions

Answer 33

fix breathing problem rebreath into paper bag anti anxiety meds or sedatives to bring down breathing rate monitor K+ and Ca- levels

Question 34

metabolic acidosis patho

Answer 34

too much hydrogen too little bicarb so the lungs will compensate and the lungs will blow off co2

Question 35

metabolic acidosis causes

Answer 35

DKA, acute/chronic kidney injury, malnutrition, severe diarrhea

Question 36

metabolic acidosis S/S

Answer 36

increase RR hyperkalemia low BP confusion

Question 37

metabolic acidosis interventions

Answer 37

monitor I and O IV solution of bicaerb to increase bases and decrease acids seizure precaution monitor K+ levels

Question 38

metabolic alkalosis patho

Answer 38

kidney problem so too much bicarb too little hydrogen so the lungs will compensate and the lungs will retain co2

Question 39

metabolic alkalosis causes

Answer 39

too many antacids diuretics excess vomiting

Question 40

metabolic alkalosis S/S

Answer 40

decrease RR decrease K+ -dysrhythimias -muscle cramps/weakness -vomiting tetany tremors EKG changes

Question 41

metabolic alkalosis interventions

Answer 41

monitor K+ and Ca- levels Iv fluids to help kidneys get rid of bicarb replace K+ give antiemetics for vomiting watch for resp. distress