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Fluids/Acid Base Balances > Acid base imbalances > Flashcards

Acid base imbalances Flashcards

1
Q

The less you breathe out the less _____ will come out?

A

CO2 = more CO2 is retained so the body is more acidic

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2
Q

increased respiratory rate will result in _____?

A

hyperventilation will result in less co2 in the body making it more alkalotic

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3
Q

the more co2 thats retained in the body will make the body acidic or alk?

A

acidic

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4
Q

the more co2 that is expelled will make the body more acidic or alk?

A

alk

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5
Q

more carbon dioxide means

A

acid

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6
Q

low and slow RR

A

respiratory acidosis

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7
Q

fast respiratory rate

A

respiratory alkalosis

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8
Q

vomiting (losing acid) + NG tube suctioning

A

metabolic alkalosis

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9
Q

diarrhea (pooping out base) and renal failure

A

metabolic acidosis (if it comes out your ACIDosis than it will always be metabolic acidisos)

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10
Q

normal PH level

A

7.35-7.45

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11
Q

what is PH?

A

measurement of how acidic/alk your blood is

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12
Q

What is PACO2?

A

measurement of the carbon dioxide in the blood

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13
Q

what is HCO3?

A

measurement of the bicarbonate in the blood
bicarb=base

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14
Q

what is PAO2

A

measurement of oxygen in the blood

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15
Q

PACO2 level

A

35-45

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16
Q

HCO3 level

A

22-26

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17
Q

PAO2 level

A

80-100

18
Q

if the PH is high, and the Co2 is low what is it?

A

respiratory alkalosis

19
Q

if the PH is low, co2 is high what is it?

A

respiratory acidosis

20
Q

if the Ph is high and HCO3 is high what is it?

A

metaboli alkalosis

21
Q

if the ph is low and so is the hco3 what is it?

A

metabolic acidosis

22
Q

CNS depressants make the breathing slow, opiods, benzos, and alcohol intoxication

A

putting the body in acidosis

23
Q

hyperventilation; panic attack

A

respiratory alkalosis

24
Q

breathing fast

A

respiratory alkalosis

25
Q

breathing slow

A

respiratory acidosis

26
Q

respiratory acidosis patho

A

lungs are retaining too much co2 the kidneys will compensate by excreting excess hydrogen and retain bicarb

27
Q

respiratory alkalosis patho

A

the lungs are losing too much co2 so the kidneys excrete excess bicarb and retain hydrogen

28
Q

respiratory acidosis causes

A

depress breathing
Drugs
Edema
Pneumonia
Resp center of brain is damaged
Emboli
Spasms of bronchial (asthma)
Sac eleasticity damage (copd and emphysema)

29
Q

respiratory acidosis S/S

A

low bp
low RR
increased HR
confusion
headache
sleepy/coma
restlessness

30
Q

respiratory acidosis interventions

A

administer 02
semi fowlers position
turn, cough, deep breathe
pneumonia: increase fluids to thin secretions and administer antibiotics
if co2 >50 may need endotracheal tube
monitor potassium levels

31
Q

respiratory alkalosis causes

A

losing CO2
tachypnea
increased temp
aspirin toxicity
starvation
hyperventilation

32
Q

respiratory alkalosis S/S

A

respiratory distress
drowsiness
confusion
headache
warm flushed skin
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
abdominal pain
chvostek sign

33
Q

respiratory alkalosis interventions

A

fix breathing problem
rebreath into paper bag
anti anxiety meds or sedatives to bring down breathing rate
monitor K+ and Ca- levels

34
Q

metabolic acidosis patho

A

too much hydrogen too little bicarb so the lungs will compensate and the lungs will blow off co2

35
Q

metabolic acidosis causes

A

DKA, acute/chronic kidney injury, malnutrition, severe diarrhea

36
Q

metabolic acidosis S/S

A

increase RR
hyperkalemia
low BP
confusion

37
Q

metabolic acidosis interventions

A

monitor I and O
IV solution of bicaerb to increase bases and decrease acids
seizure precaution
monitor K+ levels

38
Q

metabolic alkalosis patho

A

kidney problem so too much bicarb too little hydrogen so the lungs will compensate and the lungs will retain co2

39
Q

metabolic alkalosis causes

A

too many antacids
diuretics
excess vomiting

40
Q

metabolic alkalosis S/S

A

decrease RR
decrease K+
-dysrhythimias
-muscle cramps/weakness
-vomiting
tetany
tremors
EKG changes

41
Q

metabolic alkalosis interventions

A

monitor K+ and Ca- levels
Iv fluids to help kidneys get rid of bicarb
replace K+
give antiemetics for vomiting
watch for resp. distress

Fluids/Acid Base Balances (4 decks)

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