Acid-Base Equilibria Flashcards
in the Arrhenius definition, what do acids produce?
must be in aqueous sol’n
H3O+ ions
Hydronium ions; in aq always
In the Arrhenius definition, what do bases produce?
must be in aqueous sol’n
OH- ions
Hydroxide ions; in aq lagi arrhenius
In the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what are acids?
proton (H+) donors
In the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what are bases?
proton (H+) acceptors
In the Lewis definition, what are acids?
electron pair acceptors
In the Lewis definition, what are bases?
electron pair donors
acids that can donate one proton is called? what abt two protons? what abt 3?
monoprotic; diprotic; triprotic
name depends on the number of protons donated
what do you call something that can donate or accept protons?
amphiprotic
what do you call smth that can function as an acid or a base?
amphoteric
True or False
All amphoteric substances are amphiprotic, but not all amphiprotic substances are amphoteric.
True! lahat ng may dual personality may donate/accept but not all that behave that way are considered to have that dual personality.
dual personality = amphoteric
True or False
All amphoteric substances are amphiprotic, but not all amphiprotic substances are amphoteric.
True! lahat ng may dual personality may donate/accept but not all that behave that way are considered to have that dual personality.
dual personality = amphoteric
what do you call all that remains of an acid after proton is donated?
conjugate base
what is formed after bases accept protons?
conjugate acid
strong acids form a ____ conjugate base
strong or weak
weak
strong bases produce a ____ conjugate acid
strong or weak
weak
conjugate base of HI
I-
never forgetti the charge
conjugate acid of H2O
H3O+
charge!
Enumerate the strong acids
- HCl
- HBr
- HI
- H2SO4
- HNO3
- HClO4 (perchloric acid)
- HClO3 (chloric acid)
Calvary SoNoCloClo
Enumerate strong bases
- LiOH
- NaOH
- KOH
- Ca(OH)2
- Sr(OH)2
- Ba(OH)2
LiNaK CaStroBar
True or False
higher electronegativity implies that a substance is more acidic
True
True or False
Higher electronegativity implies that a substance is more basic
False, ↑EN ↑Acidity ↓Basicity
True or False
A basic substance is more electronegative than smth acidic
False, ↑EN ↑Acidity ↓Basicity
True or False
Acidic substances have larger atomic sizes than basic ones
True! ↑EN ↑Atomic Size ↑Acidity ↓Basicity
what do you call the process wherein one water molecule donates a proton to another, forming H3O+ and OH-?
auto-ionization
what is the equilibrium constant for the ionization of water?
or ion product of water?
Kw = [H3O+] [OH-] = 1.0 x 10-14
wherein: [H3O+]
= 1.0 x 10-7
and
[OH-]
= 1.0 x 10-7
at 25oC
what is the value of PKw? What about Kw?
14; 1x10-14
PKw is just the negative log of Kw (-log 1x10-14)
what is the general formula for pH?
pH = -log[H3O+]
pH & PKa is the same btw haha!
what is PKa + PKb?
edi PKw! jk PKw = PKa + PKb indeed
since they r the same as pH and pOH, PKw = 14
PKw = pH + pOH too
acids turn a litmus paper from ____ to ____
blue to red
bases turn a litmus paper from ____ to ____
red to blue
True or False
Ka > 1 in strong acids since they ionization is almost complete
True!
ionization equilibrium lies far to the right for strong; for weak, left
what do you call a solution that consists of a weak acid and salt of its conjugate base?
or weak base and a salt of its conjugate acid
pH buffer solution
can buffer solutions resist sudden changes in pH when acids/bases are added to it?
yes or no?
yes, they r also known as shock absorbers
