Acid base disturbances

Question 1

Metabolic acidosis - Raised anion gap

Answer 1

M - Methanol
U - Uremia
D - DKA
P - Paraldehyde
I - Isoniazid/iron
L - Lactic acidosis
E - Ethanol/ethylene glycol
S - Salicylates/ASA

C - Carbon monoxide
A - Aminoglycoside
T - Theophylline

Question 2

Metabolic acidosis - Normal anion gap

Answer 2

H - Hyperalimentation
A - Addison’s disease
R - Renal tubular acidosis
D - Diarrhoea
A - Acetazolamide
S - Spirolactone
S - Saline

Question 3

Respiratory Acidosis

Answer 3

A - Airway obstruction
S - Sedatives
A - Acute lung disease
C - Chronic lung disease
O - Opiates
W - Weakening of respiratory muscles

Question 4

Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 4

L - Loop diuretics
A - Antacids
V - Vomiting
A - Aldosterone up
U
P

Question 5

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 5

P - Panic attack
A - Asthma
S - Salicylate (initial phase)
T - Tumor (raised ICP)
P - Pulmonary embolism
H - Hyperventilation/hypoxia