Acid-base disorders Flashcards
patho: Cl and K are both depleted, so Na and HCO3 get reabsorbed in exchange for H ions
metabolic alkalosis
High H, High CO2, normal HCO3
uncompensated respiratory acidosis
Short-term treatment is breathing into a paper bag
respiratory alkalosis
low H, low CO2, normal HCO3
uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
treatment is IV isotonic fluids (0.9% saline) with KCL
metabolic alkalosis
caused by severe vomiting, volume depletion, and NG tube drainage
metabolic alkalosis
treat with ventilatory support
respiratory acidosis
symptoms are somnolence, confusion, coma, repiratory arrest
respiratory acidosis
a high H means a ____ pH
low - acidic
low pH, low HCO3, high Cl
metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap
low H, high HCO3, high CO2
compensated metabolic alkalosis
high H, low HCO3, normal CO2
uncompensated metabolic acidosis
High H, high CO2, high HC03
compensated respiratory acidosis
what is the anion gap equation?
Na - (HC03 + Cl)
massive diarrhea and renal tubular acidosis are all examples of metabolic acidosis with a ____ anion gap
normal
a low H means a ____ pH
high - alkalotic
low H, low CO2, low HCO3
compensated respiratory alkalosis
low H, high HCO3, normal CO2
uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
sx are lightheadedness, paresthesias, tetany
respiratory alkalosis
treatment is specific to the disorder
metabolic acidosis
caused by breathing extremely slow… e.g. COPD, asthma, drug OD
respiratory acidosis
caused by excess fixed acids in the blood e.g. ketoacids
metabolic acidosis
lactic acidosis, DKA, toxins, and uremia are all examples of metabolic acidosis with a ___ anion gap
high
MC type of acid-base disorder
metabolic acidosis
high H, low HCO3, low CO2
compensated metabolic acidosis
low pH, low HCO3, normal Cl
metabolic acidosis with high anion gap
caused by hyperventilation… e.g. anxiety, sepsis
respiratory alkalosis
