Acid-base disorders

Question 1

patho: Cl and K are both depleted, so Na and HCO3 get reabsorbed in exchange for H ions

Answer 1

metabolic alkalosis

Question 2

High H, High CO2, normal HCO3

Answer 2

uncompensated respiratory acidosis

Question 3

Short-term treatment is breathing into a paper bag

Answer 3

respiratory alkalosis

Question 4

low H, low CO2, normal HCO3

Answer 4

uncompensated respiratory alkalosis

Question 5

treatment is IV isotonic fluids (0.9% saline) with KCL

Answer 5

metabolic alkalosis

Question 6

caused by severe vomiting, volume depletion, and NG tube drainage

Answer 6

metabolic alkalosis

Question 7

treat with ventilatory support

Answer 7

respiratory acidosis

Question 8

symptoms are somnolence, confusion, coma, repiratory arrest

Answer 8

respiratory acidosis

Question 9

a high H means a ____ pH

Answer 9

low - acidic

Question 10

low pH, low HCO3, high Cl

Answer 10

metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap

Question 11

low H, high HCO3, high CO2

Answer 11

compensated metabolic alkalosis

Question 12

high H, low HCO3, normal CO2

Answer 12

uncompensated metabolic acidosis

Question 13

High H, high CO2, high HC03

Answer 13

compensated respiratory acidosis

Question 14

what is the anion gap equation?

Answer 14

Na - (HC03 + Cl)

Question 15

massive diarrhea and renal tubular acidosis are all examples of metabolic acidosis with a ____ anion gap

Answer 15

normal

Question 16

a low H means a ____ pH

Answer 16

high - alkalotic

Question 17

low H, low CO2, low HCO3

Answer 17

compensated respiratory alkalosis

Question 18

low H, high HCO3, normal CO2

Answer 18

uncompensated metabolic alkalosis

Question 19

sx are lightheadedness, paresthesias, tetany

Answer 19

respiratory alkalosis

Question 20

treatment is specific to the disorder

Answer 20

metabolic acidosis

Question 21

caused by breathing extremely slow… e.g. COPD, asthma, drug OD

Answer 21

respiratory acidosis

Question 22

caused by excess fixed acids in the blood e.g. ketoacids

Answer 22

metabolic acidosis

Question 23

lactic acidosis, DKA, toxins, and uremia are all examples of metabolic acidosis with a ___ anion gap

Answer 23

high

Question 24

MC type of acid-base disorder

Answer 24

metabolic acidosis

Question 25

high H, low HCO3, low CO2

Answer 25

compensated metabolic acidosis

Question 26

low pH, low HCO3, normal Cl

Answer 26

metabolic acidosis with high anion gap

Question 27

caused by hyperventilation… e.g. anxiety, sepsis

Answer 27

respiratory alkalosis