Acid-Base Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Rules to approach acid-base disorders
A
- Look at pH.
- Calc. anion gap
- Calc. osmol. gap if anion gap elevated
- Calc. excess anion gap
- Interpret data using clinical picture
2
Q
Rules to approach acid-base disorders
A
- Look at pH.
- Calc. anion gap
- Calc. osmol. gap if anion gap elevated
- Calc. excess anion gap
- Interpret data using clinical picture
3
Q
Anion gap calculation
A
Na+ - (HCO3- + Cl-)
4
Q
Normal anion gap
A
12
5
Q
Osmol gap calculation
A
Measured osmolarity- calculated osms
6
Q
Normal osmol gap
A
7
Q
Calculated osms equation
A
(2Na+) + (Glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8)
8
Q
Normal calculated osms
A
Usually around 285
9
Q
Normal excess anion gap (Delta gap)
A
24-26
10
Q
Normal excess anion gap
A
24-26
11
Q
What if excess anion gap is low or high?
A
Low: non-anion gap acidosis.
High: metabolic alkalosis
12
Q
What is the normal drop in bicarb per change of anion gap
A
Change of anion gap of 1 will drip HCO3- by equal amount
13
Q
Anion gap calculation
A
Na+ - (HCO3- + Cl-)
14
Q
Normal anion gap
A
12
15
Q
Osmol gap calculation
A
Measured osmolarity- calculated osms
