Acid/Base BOLDED ONLY (but also review highlighted green)

Question 1

to maintain the body’s normal pH b/w _____ and _____ the H+ must be?

Answer 1

b/w 7.35-7.45

the H+ must be neutralized by the retention of bicarbonate or excreted

Question 2

Respiratory buffering… acidemia causes what? alkalosis causes what?

Answer 2

acidemia causes increased ventilation (blow off more CO2), and alkalosis = slow respirations to retain CO2

remember that increases in CO2 increases amount of carbonic acid

Question 3

acidosis pH is less than 7.35 and this is a systemic increase in what or loss of what?

Answer 3

systemic increase in H+ concentration or loss of base

Question 4

alkalosis pH is greater than 7.45 and systemic decrease in what or excess of?

Answer 4

decrease in H+ or excess of base

Question 5

in metabolic acidosis H+ ions move to _______ space and K+ moves to _______ space to maintain ion balance

Answer 5

H+ moves to ICF, and K+ moves to ECF to maintain ion balance

This is why acidosis is often r/t hyperkalemia

Question 6

In metabolic acidosis the pH is where? and HCO3- is where?

Answer 6

pH drops below 7.35 and HCO3- is less than 22 (notes say less than 24)

Question 7

metabolic acidosis - bicarb concentration is increased usually from loss of ______

pH is elevated above ______, and HCO3- is elevated above _____

Answer 7

excessive loss of metabolic acids (Cl-) can cause increase in bicarb

pH is above 7.45 and HCO3- is elevated above 26mEq/L