acid base balance

Question 1

what is the normal ph of the blood?

Answer 1

from ph 7.35-7.45

Question 2

what is the cause of respiratory acidosis ?

Answer 2

decreased alveolar ventilation - obesity , chest wall deformity , neuromuscular deformity , COPD

severe decreased lung diffusion capacity = fibrosis

severe ventillation perfusion mismatch

Question 3

when does respiratory alkalosis occur ?

Answer 3

breathing too much - hyperventilation

Question 4

what is the renal compensation in respiratory acidosis

Answer 4

increase in HCO3

Question 5

what are the stages f respiratory failure

Answer 5

stage 1 - only hypoxemia
stage 2 - hypoxemia and hypercapnia
stage 3 - hypoxemia , hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis

Question 6

what should be the normal saturation of oxygen ?

Answer 6

95 percent or higher

Question 7

what are the signs and symptoms of respiratory failure ?

Answer 7

central cynosis - bluish lips and tongue and mucus membranes

peripheral cynosis - bluish colour of the extremities

Question 8

what is the treatment of respiratory failure in stages

Answer 8

stage 1 hypoxemia - give oxygen
hypercapnea - give small amounts of oxygen , high amount s can stop respiration , it will stop the stimulation of receptors n the repsiratorycentre