acid-base balance

Question 1

acid base homeostasis

Answer 1

involves chemical physiologic processes responsible for the maintenance of the acidity of body fluids at levels of the whole individual

Question 2

acid base balance is

Answer 2

critical to homeostasis and body functions

Question 3

acid base balance has a narrow pH margin of

Answer 3

(7.35-7.45)

Question 4

acids release

Answer 4

hydrogen ions

Question 5

bades accept

Answer 5

hydrogen ions

Question 6

pH has an inverse relationship with

Answer 6

bicarbonate

Question 7

body produces

Answer 7

acids

Question 8

blood pH levels for death

Answer 8

6-7

Question 9

blood pH levels for acidosis

Answer 9

7-7.35

Question 10

blood pH levels for normal pH

Answer 10

7.35-7.45

Question 11

blood pH levels for alkalosis

Answer 11

7.45-7.8

Question 12

blood pH levels for death of alkalosis

Answer 12

7.8-9

Question 13

human blood pH is

Answer 13

7.5

Question 14

acidic is

Answer 14

0-7.45

Question 15

basic is

Answer 15

7.45-14

Question 16

carbonic acid

Answer 16

carbon dioxide and H2O in lungs

Question 17

lactic acid

Answer 17

muscle/nonvolital can not be reduce to gas

Question 18

hydrochloric acid

Answer 18

stomach

Question 19

HCO3

Answer 19

nonvolatile acids/kidneys

Question 20

CO2

Answer 20

volatile/lungs

Question 21

normal pH

Answer 21

7.4

Question 22

buffers

Answer 22

maintain pH balance by binding or releasing hydrogen ions (H+)

Question 23

main buffer:

Answer 23

bicarbonate-carbonic buffer

Question 24

other buffers:

Answer 24

phosphate buffer system
protein
hemoglobin

Question 25

buffers take

Answer 25

seconds to minutes

Question 26

buffers are

Answer 26

first line of defense/very short

Question 27

bicarbonate normal level:

Answer 27

24-28 mEq/L

Question 28

carbonic normal level

Answer 28

1.2 mEq/L

Question 29

ratio of bicarbonate (HCO3) to carbonic acid (H2Co3)

Answer 29

20:

Question 30

levels in the body can

Answer 30

vary according to individual but pH is still maintained between 7.35-7.45

Question 31

bicarbonate (HCO3) is

Answer 31

a weak base, pH changes slightly even when hydrogen ion acid combines with bicarbonate/kidneys

Question 32

carbonate acid (H2CO3) is

Answer 32

a weak acid (produced when carbon dioxide dissolve in water). base added and combines with carbonic acid pH remains within normal range/lungs

Question 33

maintaining balance: respiratory is the second line of defense, it

Answer 33

eliminates carbon dioxide
ace increase of CO2 stimulate respiratory drive
processes happen very quickly (minutes to hours)

Question 34

maintaining balance: renal is the third line of defense, it

Answer 34

regulate bicarbonate levels-
acidosis (excrete H ions (acid) and retain bicarbonate (base)
alkalosis (excrete bicarb (bade) and retain H+ (acid)
responsible for eliminating most metabolic (nonvolatile) acids
takes longer to take effect (more reliable), slow and dependable, not break down to gas, takes days to weeks