Acid Base Flashcards
1
Q
Normal pH
A
7.35 - 7.45
2
Q
normal pCO2
A
35-45 mm Hg
3
Q
normal pO2
A
75-105 mm Hg
4
Q
normal HCO3
A
22-28 mEq/L
5
Q
Anion gap equation
A
[Na+] - ([Cl-]+[HCO3-])
6
Q
Normal anion gap
A
10-12
7
Q
inc. PCO2 –>
A
respiratory acidosis
8
Q
inc. HCO3 –>
A
metabolic alkalosis
9
Q
dec. PCO2 –>
A
respiratory alkalosis
10
Q
dec. HCO3 –>
A
metabolic acidosis
11
Q
Causes of respiratory acidosis
A
hypoventilation (airway obstruction, lung disease, weak respiratory muscles, opioids)
12
Q
Causes of metabolic acidosis
A
Add H+ –> cause Anion Gap
MUDPILES
Lose Bicarb - normal anion gap acidosis
HARD UP/ASS
13
Q
MUDPILES
A
--> metabolic acidosis (w/ AG) Methanol Uremia DKA Propylene Glycol Iron tablets or Isoniazid Lactic Acidosis Ethylene glycol Salicylates (late)
14
Q
HARD-ASS
A
--> metabolic acidosis (w/o AG) Hyperalimentation Addison Disease Renal tubular acidosis Diarrhea Acetazolamide Spironolactone Saline Infusion
15
Q
Causes respiratory alkalosis
A
Hyperventilation