acid and bases - chem 20

Question 1

Acid Properties when dissolved in water

Answer 1

• conduct electricity
• change blue litmus to red
• have pH less than 7
• sour taste
• react with bases to neutralize their properties
• react with active metals to release hydrogen

Question 2

Base properties when dissolved in water

Answer 2

• conduct electricity
• pH more than 7
• have slippery feeling
• bitter taste
• react with acids to neutralize their properties

Question 3

Acids are strong if they fully…

Answer 3

ionize

Question 4

Bases are strong if they fully …

Answer 4

dissociate

Question 5

6 strong acids

Answer 5

• HClO4
• HCl
• HBr
• HI
• HNO3
• H2SO4

Question 6

6 strong bases

Answer 6

- metal hydroxides in 1A and 2A will form stong bases in water 
most common: 
-NaOH
-Ba(OH)2
-KOH
-Sr(OH)2
-LiOH
-Cs(OH)2

Question 7

Non-Metal Oxides

Answer 7

• molecular compound, usually a gas

- do not dissociate but will dissolve in water

Question 8

The more hydronium there is …

Answer 8

the lower the pH, meaning acid

Question 9

Weak Base properties

Answer 9

• bases that do not contain OH, but form it with the reaction with water
• react incompletely <50%
• medium to high pH
• low conductivity
• slower reaction with organic compounds

Question 10

Strong Base Properties

Answer 10

• very high pH
• high conductivity
• fast reaction with organic compounds
• completely dissociate to form OH

Question 11

Weak Acid Properties

Answer 11

• medium to low pH
• low conductivity
• lower reaction rate with metals since there is less hydronium
• partially ionize to form H3O+
• <50%

Question 12

Strong Acid Properties

Answer 12

• very low pH
• high conductivity
• fast reaction rate with metals
• completely ionize ( react with water to form hydronium )

Question 13

monoprotic acids

Answer 13

• contain only one hydrogen that will react with water to form H3O+

Question 14

polyprotic acids

Answer 14

-polyprotic acids contain more than one hydrogen that can react with water to form H3O+

Question 15

how does an indicator change colour

Answer 15

• when am indicator loses or gains a hydrogen, it changes the shape of the molecule which reflects the light differently

Question 16

amphiprotic

Answer 16

acts as both an acid and a base

Question 17

non metal oxides create

Answer 17

acids

Question 18

metal oxides create

Answer 18

bases

Question 19

arrhenius acids

Answer 19

• ionize to form H+ and negative anions

ex. HBr= H+ + Br -

Question 20

arrhenius base

Answer 20

• dissociate to form positive cations and negative OH hydroxide anions in solution.

Question 21

modified arrhenius acid

Answer 21

• react with water to produce hydronium, and negative anions in solution

Question 22

modified arrhenius base

Answer 22

• react with water, to form positive cations and negative OH hydroxide anions

Question 23

oxyanion rules

Answer 23

-most common ends in ate 
    phosphate 
-going up one oxygen means you add per in front
      perphosphate 
-going down 1 means ends in ite 
      phosphoite
-going down 2 means you add hypo to the ite ending 
    hypophisphite

Question 24

equivalence point with strong acid and weak base

Answer 24

lower than 7

Question 25

equivalence point of strong base with weak acid

Answer 25

higher than 7

Question 26

equivalence point with strong acid and strong base

Answer 26

7

Question 27

difference between strong acid and concentrated acid

Answer 27

strong acids ionize 100%

concentrated acids have a high concentration in solution