Achievement Motivation Flashcards
Achievement Motivation
A process that energises, directs and regulates achievement behaviour
Trait Centered View
Motivation is viewed as a function of individual differences where motives, goals, needs and personality are the primary determinants of motivated behaviour
Situation Centered View
Motivation is viewed as a function of situational factors where some situations are inherently more motivational than others
Interactionist View (Lewin, 1951)
Person x Situation is how motivation is formed, a combination of both traits and situations
What 5 ways can you build motivation?!?!?
- Consider the situation and traits in people and the motives they have for starting a sport.
- Why do they participate in this sport?
- Change the environment to enhance motivation, and provide competition and recreation. Adjust to individuals in the group.
- Know that you influence motivation over people and people look up to.
- Use behaviour modification to change a participants undesirable motives.
Competitiveness
A disposition to strive for satisfaction when making comparisons with some standard of exellence in the presence of evaluative others.
Need Achievement Theory (Atkinson, 1974; McClelland, 1961)
-We have two motives, to achieve success and to avoid failure.
-Behaviour is influenced by a balance of these two motives.
-High achievers tend to pick more challenging yet achievable tasks and perform better in evaluative situations.
-Low achievers tend to pick easy or over difficult tasks so they guarantee success or failure. They also perform worse in evaluative siuations
Attribution Theory
Focuses on how people explain their successes and failures
-Results can be attributed into a few categories
*Stability (a factor which one attributes success or failure is either fairly permanent or unstable
*Locus of causality (a factor is either external or internal)
*Locus of control (a factor is either under the indivdual’s control or not)
An example of attribution theory?!
For example, if you win a swimming race and attribute your success to
a stable factor (e.g., your talent or good ability) or an unstable factor (e.g., good luck),
an internal cause (e.g., your tremendous effort in the last 50 meters) or an external cause (e.g., an easy field of competitors), and
a factor you can control (e.g., your race plan) or a factor out of your control (e.g., your opponents’ lack of physical conditioning).
Achievement Goal Theory
One is motivated by one’s intrepretation of what it takes to achieve success. Success for one person may not be the same for another.
Achievement Goal Theory
One is motivated by one’s intrepretation of what it takes to achieve success. Success for one person may not be the same for another.
Ego Goal Orientation
Defining success as beating others. Feeling good when you you succeed because it means you have a high perceived ability but not so good when you lose as you have a lower perceived ability
Task Goal Orientation
Focusing on improving relative to your own performance
Target Approach Goal
A goal on achieving competence such as working out to look goood!
Avoidance Goal
A goal on avoiding incompetence such as working out to avoid looking bad
