ACE Review Flashcards
most likely pests to encounter with mystery or phantom bite case
lice & scabies, fleas, chiggers, bed bugs, bird bugs, conenosed bugs, mosquitoes, thrips, spiders, bird & rodent mites
infamous for its ability to transmit the bacterium that causes bubonic plague from rodents to humans
Oriental rat flea
one of the most difficult pests to confirm because of their small size. check for the presence of rodents, birds, or abandoned nests.
bird & rodent mites
mammals in the order Chiroptera
bats
symptoms are real, but they are being caused by something else that is being blamed on insects
illusional infestations (allergies, dry skin, diet deficiencies, drugs or alcohol, environmental irritants, disease, side effects of medication)
identify with sticky traps, visual inspection of premises, and pet inspection by the customer or a vet
fleas
protected by federal & local laws, control measures are mainly limited to exclusion & sanitation
bats
_____________ insecticides are generally ineffective at killing adult insects because once an insect reaches adulthood, it no longer molts (except Zygentoma)
CSI or chitin synthesis inhibitors
more toxic but less persistent than chlorinated hydrocarbons
organophosphates
in some insects, the ovipositor is modified into a defensive organ called a
stinger
most active at night, attracted to lights, rest in moist cracks and crevices at day, scavenge on dead animal and plant material, order: Dermaptera
earwigs
this small grain beetle has no beak, has its head visible from above, doesn’t have any teeth on its pronotum and cant fly. It is found more in the northern states.
confused flour beetle
if true, then two means
entomologists always use two words if a common name accurately describes the order to which a particular insect belongs. EX: bed bug is a true bug so its spelled using two words. ladybug is not a true bug so its spelled using one word
mice are able to squeeze through cracks that are only ______ wide
1/4 inch or 6 mm
_________ are most useful against controlling
larger populations of rodents
baits
The ACE will follow standard ___________ in the performance of all of his or her professional duties
IPM guidelines
pesticide formulation comprised of fine airborne particles that may be solid or liquid
aerosol insecticide
gloves that should never be worn because they can absorb and accumulate pesticides
cotton, leather, or canvas
insect nerve cord is close to the legs and runs along the bottom of the body, making it particularly sensitive to insecticides that penetrate the body through the
feet and ventral side of the body
how is it evident that some bat species are important predators of insects?
their feces glisten with insect fragments
flows freely throughout the insect body cavity
hemolymph
these vertebrate pests contribute to pollination
bats
other common names of Norway rat & Roof rat
Norway - brown rat
Roof - black rat
The ACE will be honest and impartial and will preface any one-sided statements, criticisms, or arguments by
clearly indicating on whose behalf they are made
important structural pests that are most likely to develop resistance
cockroaches, house flies, bed bugs, and fleas
species of insects that are closely related are placed in the same
genus
EX: all of the mosquito species that are capable of transmitting malaria belong to the genus Anopheles
the presence of three key essentials when they are found together (pest triangle)
conducive conditions (food, water, harborage)
there are usually ____ spiracles on each abdominal segment
two (one on each side)
many rodenticides are _________________ which work by ___________________________, so rodents die from internal bleeding after ingesting them
anticoagulants; preventing blood from clotting
since rodents are mammals - like humans, dogs, and cats - ____________ are toxic to us and our pets
rodenticides
difference between BCE program and ACE program is that ACE program is designed around knowledge of
applied entomology
label requires rodent baits be placed no farther than _____ feet (30 meters) from manmade structures
100f; 30m
devices that collect insects without a lure
passive traps
it is difficult for dust mites to survive when relative humidity is below ________
50%
raising temperatures to at least ________ for at least ______ will kill most arthropods
140F (60C); one hour
caulk should be used for small holes and cracks that are no wider than ______
1/2 inch/13mm
(use cement, concrete, etc. for larger holes)
The ACE will share in sustaining the
laws, institutions, and burdens of the community
a colorless nitrogenous polysaccharide occurring in the cuticle of arthropods
chitin
four characteristics of arthropods
1 - bilateral symmetry
2 - chitinous exoskeletons
3 - segmented bodies
4 - segmented legs
the tarsi of many insects are equipped with ________, which means they can “taste” with their feet in addition to their palps
chemoreceptors
an elevated ridge or keel
carina
in Crustacea, the hard covering of the thorax
carapace
recently molted adult that is not entirely hardened or fully colored
callow
must be ingested in order to be effective
Borates
the presence of the host animals or their nests will be the source area. Expert identification may be necessary because their appearance is very similar to
bat bugs; bird bug
appearance very similar to bed bugs
effects of bites are mild and temporary and are easily soothed by washing.
thrips - will be present on the body when biting sensations occur & can be picked up with a piece of sticky tape
large bugs that bite exposed areas of skin while the victim is sleeping
conenosed (triatoma) bugs
identify by the pattern and location of bites, and whether or not the client has recently walked through tall grass or woods. bite effects are delayed, typically not noticeable several hours later & do not persist for more than a few days to 1-2 weeks.
chiggers
MUPs
major urinary proteins (rodents)
the primary carrier of hantavirus
deer mouse
The ACE’s knowledge and skills will be used for the betterment of
human welfare
smallest of the stored grain beetle
flat grain beetle
The ACE will express an opinion on an entomological subject
only when it is founded on adequate knowledge and honest conviction and will be factual in all estimates, reports, and testimonies
MUPs from rats & mice are potent allergens that are linked to
asthma
toxic to a wide variety of arthropods and very persistent in the environment
broad-spectrum insecticides
_________ insects are the least likely to develop resistance
social
___________ emit light that is less attractive to insects than light from mercury vapor lights or incandescent lights
sodium vapor lights
having short wings that do not cover the abdomen
brachypterous
two generations per year
bivoltine
the protruding mouthpart structures of a sucking insect
beak
in ticks, the basal part of the false head
basis capituli
the outer shell or covering of an insect egg
chorion
a major element in the mouthparts of spiders and related arthropods; in the form of fangs, pincers, or piercing organs
chelicerae
the mosquito-borne encephalitis diseases, including West Nole virus, St. Louis encephalitis, and Western and Eastern Equine Encephalitis, can be carried by what mosquito genus
Culex, Anopheles, or Aedes
What family is the Moth fly in
Psychodidae
What type of metamorphosis does the cat flea go through
complete
proven arthropod carrier (vector) of encephalitis viruses
mosquitoes
what is the only arthropod capable of burrowing into the skin
scabies mites
clover mites are capable of biting humans once they enter a structure
false
what is the smallest arthropod capable of biting people
mites
crickets have what type of metamorphosis
gradual
insecticides that affect the nerve’s on-off switch, causing it to fire continuously and resulting in death
chlorinated hydrocarbons
the exoskeleton - sometimes referred to as the insect
cuticle
insecticides that inhibit the formation of new chitin and are effective principally against immature insects that are still molting
chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs)
apterous, or __________
wingless
a key feature of Hemiptera
piercing-sucking mouthparts
thought to kill insects by moving into the tracheae and physically clogging the air passageways
insecticidal oils
__________ penetrate through all of the organs and tissues of the body to deliver oxygen
tracheoles –> about 1/50th the diameter of a human hair
Zygentoma
(formerly known as Thysanura)
silverfish & firebrats
lower “lip”
labium
three regions that make up scorpions’ body
prosoma: head region
mesosoma: abdominal region
metasoma: tail & stinger
at or near the point of attachment to the main body
basal
Linnaeus’ system of classification is referred to as a system of
binomial nomenclature - because the scientific name of each organism consists of two names, the genus and the species
chitin consists of ________ or simple chains of ________ arranged in microscopic __________
linked polysaccharides;
sugars;
fibers
about _____ different species of bats are found in the U.S.
40
insect heads consist of _____ segments, the thorax consists of _____ segments, and the abdomen consists of around _____ segments
head: several
thorax: three
abdomen: 11 (fewer in some insects)
the public’s love affair with DDT and modern insecticides was tempered with the publication of the book, ‘Silent Spring’ by Rachel Carson in
1962
Psocoptera
booklice & barklice
small, peg-like structure found on the underside of the springtail
collophore
bats may carry ____________
parasites such as bat bugs, mites, ticks, and lice
three birds that can be structural pests
pigeons, European starlings, and house sparrows
these birds are associated with histoplasmosis
starlings & house sparrows
what is histoplasmosis
a lung disease
only birds not protected by federal laws and may be killed or removed without permits
European starlings, house sparrows, & pigeons
(state and local laws may forbid these & other control measures)
grows in bat feces in some parts of the U.S. and can become airborne
fungal pathogens such as H. capsulatum
one pair of legs per body segment & two pairs of legs per body segment
one pair = centipede (Chilopoda)
two pair = millipede (Diplopoda)
taxon groups
King Phillip came over for great spaghetti
pheromone traps are especially effective for monitoring
stored product pests like Indian meal moths & clothes moths
what term is typically used instead of the abdomen on an ant?
gaster
