Accommodative and Vergence Dysfunctions Flashcards
A condition in which the AA is normal, but fatigue occurs with repeated accommodative stimulation.
ILL-SUSTAINED ACCOMMODATION
Occurs when the amplitude of accommodation (AA) is lower than the expected AA for the patient’s age and is not due to sclerosis of the crystalline lens.
ACCOMMODATIVE INSUFFICIENCY
It occurs when the accommodative system is slow in making a change, or when there is a considerable lag between the stimulus to accommodation and the accommodative response.
ACCOMMODATIVE INFACILITY
It is the result of overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system.
SPASM OF ACCOMMODATION
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at near greater than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Distance: 9 exo
Near: 20 exo
CONVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
Patient with basic exophoria has a deviation of similar magnitude at both distance and near
Or if the difference between the far and near exophoria is below 10PD.
D 2 exo
N 2 exo
BASIC EXOPHORIA
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at far greater than the near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
D 20 exo
N 9 exo
DIVERGENCE EXCESS
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at near greater than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
D 9 eso
N 20 eso
CONVERGENCE EXCESS
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at far greater than the near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
D 20 eso
N 9 eso
DIVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
Patients with basic esophoria has high tonic esophoria at distance, a similar degree of esophoria at near, and a normal AC/A ratio.
If the difference between the distance and near esophoria is below 10PD.
D 5 eso
N 10 eso
BASIC ESOPHORIA
Has different phorias in far and near.
D 5 exo
N 2 eso
MIXED PHORIA
D 16 eso
N 4 eso
Divergence insufficiency
D 18 eso; N 17 exo
MIXED PHORIA
D 10 eso; N 3 eso
BASIC ESOPHORIA
D 3 exo; N 15 exo
CONVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
