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RENAL AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM > ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE ORGANS > Flashcards

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE ORGANS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A

digestion, absorption, defecation

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2
Q

hollow muscular tubes found in our digestive system

A

GIT or alimentary canal

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3
Q

2 parts of the digestive system

A

Accessory digestive organs and GIT

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4
Q

This assist the alimentary canal in digestion

A

Accessory Digestive Organs

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5
Q

What are the parts of the accessory digestive organs (6)

A

salivary glands, tongue, teeth/dentes, pancreas, liver, gallbladder

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6
Q

Other name for teeth

A

dentes

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7
Q

This is the floor of the mouth

A

Tongue

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8
Q

The salivary gland does what in the mouth

A

it secretes saliva in buccal cavity or mouth

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9
Q

Extrinsic muscle movements of tongue

A

side to side : in and out

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10
Q

How many percent is the H2O in our saliva?

A

99.5%

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11
Q

Immunoglobulin from our saliva came from what cells

A

B cells

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12
Q

What are the components of our saliva? (3)

A

H2O, IgA, Solutes

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13
Q

This comprises of at least ~0.5% of our saliva

A

Solutes

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14
Q

amount of the normal salivary production

A

1000mL - 1500mL

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15
Q

diff glands seen in our salivary gland (3)

A

parotid, submandibular,sublingual

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16
Q

What type of protein seen in our saliva that is responsible for digesting starch

A

Salivary amylase or ptyalin

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17
Q

What type of protein seen in our saliva that is responsible for bolus formation in our outh

A

Mucin

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18
Q

What type of salivary secretion secretes ptyalin for starch digestion in our mouth

A

serous secretion

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19
Q

What type of salivary secretion secretes mucin for bolus formation in our mouth

A

Mucus secretion

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20
Q

This is also known as the largest gland

A

parotid gland

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21
Q

Pt presents with swollen face located ant & inf to the ears: bet skin & masseter, what will be your suspected gland that may be affected

A

Parotid gland

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22
Q

This gland is seen superior to the submandibular gland

A

sublingual gland

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23
Q

This is the gland found inside our moth that is controlled by the ANS

A

Salivary gland

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24
Q

What movements does the intrinsice tongue mm do?

A

alter shape of tongue

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25
Q

This gland is seen in the post. part of the floor of the mouth

A

Submandibular Gland

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26
Q

This is also known as our taste receptors

A

taste buds

27
Q

Our teeth comprises of 2 sets

A

deciduous teeth and permanent teeth

28
Q

This are the 1st teeth to erupt:

A

lower central incisors

29
Q

At what age do we expect our lower central incisors to erupt?

A

@ 6 mos

30
Q

all of These teeth are lost @ 6-12mos

A

Deciduous Teeth

31
Q

It has a total of 32 teeth

A

permanent teeth

32
Q

This is B an exocrine & endocrine gland

A

Pancreas

32
Q

It has a total of 20 teeth

A

Deciduous Teeth

33
Q

This type of gland is responsible for producing enzymes

A

Exocrine gland

34
Q

This type of gland is responsible for producing hormones

A

Endocrine gland

35
Q

N amount of pancreatic juices

A

1200 - 1500mL

36
Q

Pancreas produces this enzyme to digest carbohydrates

A

pancreatic amylase

37
Q

Pancreas produces this enzyme to digest proteins

A

trypsinogen (inactive) –> trypsin (active)

38
Q

In general, this is the enzyme that digests starch or carbohydrates

A

Amylase

39
Q

Trypsinogen is an inactive protein digestive enzyme found in the pancreas that is activated in the form of ____ via ____. This process is also known as ____.

A
  • Trypsin via brush border villi
  • enterokinase
40
Q

In enterokinase, what enzyme is being activated forming trypsin

A

Trypsinogen

41
Q

What will happen if trypsinogen became active in the pancreas?

A

Pancreatitis

42
Q

Pancreas produces this enzyme to digest triglyceride

A

pancreatic lipase

43
Q

This is passageway of pancreatic juice

A

duct of wirsung or pancreatic duct

44
Q

This is the smaller pancreatic duct

A

duct of santorini

45
Q

the larger pancreatic duct comprises the (1) ____ + (2) ____ forming the (3) ____ ampulla that is controlled by
a sphincter called as (4) ____, which serves as a passageway towards the small intestine specifically in the (5) _____ to allow enterokinase via (6) _____

A
  1. LPD- larger pancreatic duct
  2. CBD- common bile duct
  3. Hepatopancreatic ampulla
  4. Sphincter of odi
  5. duodenum
  6. brush border villi
46
Q

What are the criteria to allow relaxation of sphincter of ODI?

A

release of cholecystokinin –> peristaltic wave in the CBD - when bile
pass through –> intestinal wave

47
Q

The liver is characterized as the ____ gland

A

heaviest gland

48
Q

What is the largest organ

A

Skin

49
Q

It is the 2nd largest organ

A

Liver

50
Q

This the functional unit of the liver

A

lobule

51
Q

These are the cells found in the liver responsible for bile production

A

hepatocytes

52
Q

What is the N amount of bile

A

800-1000mL

53
Q

What are the substances seen in our bile (4)

A

H2O, bile salts, cholesterol, bile

54
Q

This is the yellow-olive green fluid like that is made and released by the liver

A

Bile

55
Q

This is the passageway of bile in the liver

A

hepatic duct

56
Q

Other name for bile salts

A

lecithin

57
Q

This serves as a storage for bile

A

gallbladder

58
Q

insufficient bile salts or excessive cholesterol may lead to

A

gallstones

59
Q

Where is the gallbladder located?

A

Inf to the liver

60
Q

It is the passageway of bile in the gallbladder

A

cystic duct

61
Q

These 2 ducts forms the common bile duct

A

Cystic duct & common hepatic duct

62
Q

R and L hepatic duct forms what duct?

A

common hepatic duct

63
Q

What enzyme digests fiber?

A

none

RENAL AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (2 decks)

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