accents and dialects

Question 1

parotts identity factors

Answer 1

1.forbidden behaviours such as drinking or smoking
2.rebellion, which separates from adults but gains acceptance from peers
3.role models, teens may idolise celebs ect..
4, clique exclusion, excluding people they seem to have unattractive characteristics

Question 2

Thornborrow- language and identity

Answer 2

argues that identity is ever changing and is heavily influenced by lexis grammar and phonology

Question 3

labov

Answer 3

martha vinyards island study
found that natives created a linguistic divide between them and american tourists
they did this by centralsing dipthongs
they do this to create an identity

Question 4

sociolingists

Answer 4

how language is used and society effect on it

Question 5

idolect

Answer 5

persoanl variation in yur use of language

Question 6

sociolect

Answer 6

variation in your language according to groups ypu spend time in

Question 7

clique exclusion

Answer 7

teens exclude thoes which they deem to have unnatrtive chacteristics

Question 8

discourse community

Answer 8

group of people who share similar discourse

Question 9

milroy

Answer 9

argues that incraesed geoghrapohical mobilityleads to large scale diruption of close knit localised networks that have historically maintained highly systamtic and complex sets of socially structured lingustic norms

Question 10

foulkes and dochery

Answer 10

non standard features move beyond their origin
south to north

Question 11

kerswill

Answer 11

kerswill summarises – the movement of people led to greater dialect contact and the movement of people led to radical changes in people’s social networks, away from strictly local ones comprising family and neighbours to ones that encompass fat more strangers and people in different walks of life.

Question 12

perscriptivism

Answer 12

The term prescriptivism refers to the ideology and practices in which the correct and incorrect uses of a language or specific linguistic items are laid down by explicit rules that are externally imposed on the users of that language

Question 13

descriptavism

Answer 13

Linguistic descriptivism refers to the analysis of how language is used by its speakers/ writers. It is a non-judgmental approach to analysing language usage as it is actually used, without imposing prescriptive norms or rules.

Question 14

dialect levelling

Answer 14

s the process of an overall reduction in the variation or diversity of features between two or more dialects. Typically, this comes about through assimilation, mixture, and merging of certain dialects, often by language standardization.

Question 15

lexical variation

Answer 15

Lexical variation refers to the different words and phrases we use to refer to the same objects/concepts.

Question 16

accent

Answer 16

a distinctive way of pronouncing a language, especially one associated with a particular country, area, or social class.

Question 17

dialect

Answer 17

lexical features or grammatical variations specific to a particular region

Question 18

cockney rhyming

Answer 18

Apples and pears” (stairs)
and was first used in the early 19th century in the East End of London

Question 19

language variations A01

Answer 19

alley way
less commonly path

Question 20

gary ives BAE and MLE

Answer 20

One of the key factors to these emerging variations of English is migration with many of the new dialects associated with particular cultural groups such as those with a Caribbean or Asian background.

· Often aspects of their native tongue are mixed with Standard English to create these new dialects. Bradford Asian English (BAE) and Multicultural London English (MLE) are just two examples.

Question 21

what is standard English

Answer 21

a controversial form of English, used in academic and professional environments
an idealised form of English
seen as the correct mode of communication

Question 22

men vs women and dialect variations

Answer 22

non standard features in English especially lexis and syntax
men derive covert prestige from using non-standard forms while women are judged for it and shamed

Question 23

coupland

Answer 23

non standards forms of English for example multiple negatives the use of the word ain’t and using “them” as a demonstrative adjective
reveal about someone’s socioeconomic status rather than regional origins

Question 24

paul kreswill

Answer 24

dialect levelling is occurring due to decreased rural employment and the subsequent construction of urban areas

Question 25

argument against dialect levelling

Answer 25

non standardize forms of English are also spreading
non standard English is becoming standardized

Question 26

foulks and docherty

Answer 26

state that dialect variations that are non standard spreading beyond its origin for example the phonological chnage from f to v

Question 27

what is dialect

Answer 27

dialect is variation in word structure for example lexis and grammar

Question 28

what is accent

Answer 28

accent is the variation of pronunciation for example phonology

Question 29

why does linguistic variation exist

Answer 29

conquers from different international locations settled in different parts of the uk each bringing their own accents and dialects with limited transport regional varieties remained pure in specific regions of the UK which