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ACC 444 Flashcards

1
Q

5 types of customisations (RICEF)

A 
Reports
Interfaces- connect 2 or more systems
Conversions- helps data migration
Enhancements- add to standard code
Forms- technical development
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2
Q

Modifications

A

Fundamentally change software, changes to core code

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3
Q

Customer exits

A

Predefined breaks in code where customer can insert custom programming

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4
Q

Bolt on

A

Third party software package that can be bolted on to ERP system

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5
Q

Conference room pilots

A

Server installed early on to allow team to practice business tasks

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6
Q

Data migration

A

Moving master and transaction data from legacy to new ERP system

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7
Q

Data migration procedures

A 
Data extraction
Data collection
Data cleansing- changing format
Data harmonisation- standardising
Data loading
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8
Q

Categories of testing quality

A

Progress- how much completed
Coverage- what percentage done
Defects

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9
Q

Phased implementation

A

Slowest method, rolls out ERP system by module or unit, low risk

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10
Q

Big Bang implementation strategy

A

Rolls all modules at the same time

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11
Q

Parallel implementation

A

Legacy and ERP system run together for some time after go live, saves legacy just in case

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12
Q

Risk management

A

Identifying potential events that can negatively impact company and managing them

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13
Q

Center of Excellence

A

Comprises people from the original project team, continually improve the ERP system

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14
Q

explicit knowledge

A

knowledge that can be written down

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15
Q

tacit knowledge

A

knowledge that has to be experienced

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16
Q

systems triangle

A

people, processes, technology

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17
Q

enterprise resource planning

A

business systems that integrate and streamline data into one complete system that supports the needs of the entire enterprise.

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18
Q

business process

A

a collection of activities that together add value

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19
Q

2 types of business processes

A

Perform order management

Procure materials and services

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20
Q

modules

A

groups of related programs performing a major function in the system, ex. accounting

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21
Q

Core ERP

A

modules for financials, human capital management, and logistics

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22
Q

vertical solutions

A

industry solutions of finding best practices to customers by offering specific versions of their software

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23
Q

materials requirements planning systems

A

software developed in the 1970’s used by manufacturing companies to plan production and calculate what materials are required

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24
Q

manufacturing resource planning systems (MRP II)

A

developed in 1980’s, solutions that provide an integrated method of operation and financial planning for manufacturing companies

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25
inventory and management control
1960's, manufacturers used inventory management and control packages to manage inventory
26
Tier 1 ERP vendors
multinational corporations with 1000+ employees Revenues $1 billion + SAP, Oracle, Microsoft
27
Tier 2 ERP vendors
250 to 1000 employees $50 million to $1 billion in revenue Workday, Lawson, Net Suite
28
Tier 3 ERP vendors
$10 million to $50 million in revenue Fewer than 250 employees Industry specific solutions Quickbooks, Peachtree
29
best of breed
approach to ERP implementation that mixes and matches modules from various enterprise software vendors
30
entity integrity rule
requires that every record in a table contains a unique identifier
31
referential integrity rule
requirement that foreign keys must be null or have a value corresponding to the value of a primary key in another table
32
mainframe architecture
all computing intelligence resides on a central host computer that processes data a displays output on dummy terminals
33
fat client server
user interface/presentation and program/business logic on the client side, database on the server side
34
thin client server
user interface/presentation on client side, program business logic and database on the server side
35
database normalization
process that involves eliminating redundant data, goal is to isolate data and have additions, deletions, and modifications in one table
36
first normal form 1NF
all records contain same # of fields, no repeating groups, no field can have multiple values
37
second normal form 2NF
1NF and all fields refer to a PK value
38
third normal form 3NF
2NF and every non key field is depended only on PK
39
customization
process of fitting ERP software to specific needs o organization by adding code to ERP
40
configuration data
currency, fiscal year. Basic questions to set up the software. easy to configure
41
master data
name, address, phone #, vendor ID
42
middleware
software that facilitates sharing data and business logic across systems and requires a certain degree of IT support
43
ERP system landscape
"layout" of the servers: development DEV quality assurance QA production PRD
44
development DEV
Where consultants configure and customize the system | Copy production instance to development instance and add things.
45
quality assurance QA
where project team tests customization and configurations
46
production PRD
where your users hit, live production system that users will work with
47
software as a service
delivery model for periodic payments to vendor or service provider for the software
48
gartner magic quadrant
Quadrant: ability to deliver is y axis. Completeness of solution is x axis service provier + quadrant
49
value added activity 3 characteristics
It accomplishes something the customer will pay for It converts an input to an output It must be done right the first time
50
problems with business process engineering
``` Autonomy authority ambiguity bottlenecks- people don't want to be replaceable cycle time intermediary- more time old way people are used to market research is hard to judge quality issues ```
51
business process engineering criteria (pg. 46)
``` Legal based Cost efficiency Customer satisfaction Standardization Value-added Improve speed ```
52
business process re-engineering approaches
Automate- technology and processes. cow path and business process technology informate- addressing specific roles and responsibilities and changing hiring processes from salary to task completed. Changing someone's job. Medium cost, high benefits, medium risk. People, technology, processes Transform- changing business structure. Should only be considered if current process is very bad and is desperately needed or if is very good and can afford it. very high cost, very high benefits, very high risk. Structure, technology, people, processes
53
business process management
mindset of continuously improving processes
54
walkthrough
scenario of practicing the new process, step by step demonstration
55
clean slate reengineering
starting over from scratch and completely redesigning a process. As is > To be
56
process map
graphical technique that documents inputs, outputs, activities
57
process map generation methods
self generate- when preparer knows process one on one interview method- each person involved is interviewed separately, inefficient Group interview- everyone who is working on the project talks about their part, most effective
58
process mapping roles
Process map facilitator (ugly baby)- you don't see your own flaws-external Process owner- internal manager, completes process steps Subject matter experts (subject matter expert)- knows the process process implementor- external, makes recommendations process evaluator- external, determines new metrics
59
steering committee
top management, senior consultants, project manager, program manager. ultimate decisions
60
program manager
governance of all ERP projects, vendor management, change management
61
project manager
day to day operations, communicates objectives and goals of ERP project
62
project charter
high level document, scope, high level requirements, high level business case, stakeholder responsibility. Purpose of the project.
63
scope statement
describe what is included in the project
64
scope creep
expansion of projects original goals during process
65
business case
(highest level of commitment)- outlines business need for an ERP system and expected benefits
66
total cost of ownership
the entire costs that will likely be incurred throughout the project's implementation and several years after the system goes live
67
request for information
from vendors, narrow down during and get a short list
68
request for proposal
sent to short list of vendors so they can indicate what requirements their solution meets
69
change management steps
start at the top-leader must know what is going on and have reason for doing it make the formal case corporate culture prepare for the unexpected
70
train the trainer
super users attend training conducted by the vendor
71
risk management steps
Mitigate- lower probability of something happening Transfer Accept Avoid

CIS 380 (4 decks)

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