AC4.2 - How social change affects policy development

Question 1

What are social values?

Answer 1

Rules or values that are shared by most people in a culture

Question 2

What is the difference between values and norms?

Answer 2

They are more general guidelines than norms.

Question 3

What is an example of how social expectations vary from one culture to another?

Answer 3

For instance, in the UK people wear dark sombre colours for a funeral but in China the colour of mourning is white.

Question 4

Smoking: what was the attitude in the 30s?

Answer 4

In the 1930s, smoking was glamourised and encouraged, even by doctors.

Question 5

Smoking: what happened in the 50s?

Answer 5

However, from the mid-1950s several pieces of research were published that confirmed a link between tobacco products and lung cancer.

Question 6

Smoking: what was concluded in 1964?

Answer 6

In 1964 the Surgeon General found a link between lung cancer and chronic bronchitis and cigarette smoking

Question 7

Smoking: what happened by the end of 1965?

Answer 7

By the end of 1965, the tobacco industry was required to put warning labels on its products and advertisements to warn the public of the health risks associated with smoking.

Question 8

Smoking: what was society’s changed attitude towards smoking?

Answer 8

Society’s attitudes changed and smoking became less glamorous and not as accessible.

Question 9

Smoking: what exist now (ASH)?

Answer 9

There are now many campaign groups that encourage people to stop smoking, for example ASH (Action on Smoking and Health).

Question 10

Smoking: what has campaigning led to?

Answer 10

Resulted in numerous pieces of restrictive legislation.

Question 11

Smoking: what did the Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Act 2002 do?

Answer 11

Banned the advertising and promotion of tobacco products

Question 12

Smoking: what did the Health Act 2006 do?

Answer 12

Prohibits smoking in enclosed and substantially enclosed work and public places.

Question 13

Smoking: what did the Children and Families Act 2014 do?

Answer 13

Prohibit smoking in vehicles when children are present.

Question 14

Homosexuality: what are the views today?

Answer 14

Homosexuality is now socially acceptable in the UK and the fight for equality has represented one of the most dramatic cultural changes in public opinion.

Question 15

Homosexuality: what was the view in the 16th century?

Answer 15

In the 16th century, homosexual acts were punishable by death.

Question 16

Homosexuality: what was the view in the 19th century?

Answer 16

This penalty was removed in the 19th century but the law prohibited any sexual activity between males.

Question 17

Homosexuality: who was sentenced as a result of homosexuality being illegal?

Answer 17

Oscar Wilde was convicted under this law and sentenced to two years in prison.

Question 18

Homosexuality: what happened in 1967?

Answer 18

Homosexuality was decriminalised.

Question 19

Homosexuality: what happened in the 50s?

Answer 19

1950s: High profile arrests for homosexual acts which lead to a discussion of law change

Question 20

Homosexuality: what was published in 1957?

Answer 20

Wolfenden Report was published which stated laws should not intrude into personal matters

Question 21

Homosexuality: what was the law change in 1967?

Answer 21

1967: homosexuality was decriminalised in England and Wales, with the age of consent for homosexuals set at 21 years old.

Question 22

Homosexuality: what was the law change in 1994?

Answer 22

1994: the age of consent was lowered to 18 years old by the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994.

Question 23

Homosexuality: what was the law change in 2000?

Answer 23

2000: the age was lowered to 16 years old by Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2000.

Question 24

Homosexuality: what was the law change in 2004?

Answer 24

2004: civil partnerships were permitted as a result of the Civil Partnership Act 2004.

Question 25

Homosexuality: what was the law change in 2014?

Answer 25

2014: the law allowed the first same-sex marriage under the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013.

Question 26

Homosexuality: What is one reason why the views of society has changed relating to religion?

Answer 26

Society is less religious now than at any time in its history.

Question 27

Homosexuality: what does this mean about the Bible and today’s activities?

Answer 27

This has meant that ideologies from the Bible are no longer followed.

Question 28

Women’s rights: what did women have at the start of the 20th century?

Answer 28

At the beginning of the 20th Century, women had very few legal and political rights.

Question 29

Women’s rights: what was the stereotype of a married woman in the 20th century?

Answer 29

The stereotype of a married woman would be one that stayed at home to look after the children, while the husband went out to work.

Question 30

Women’s rights: what was the stereotype of a married woman in the 20th century?

Answer 30

The stereotype of a married woman would be one that stayed at home to look after the children, while the husband went out to work.

Question 31

Women’s rights: what did women rebel against during the suffragette movement?

Answer 31

women rebelled against marriage, seeking education and equality.

Question 32

Women’s rights: what was the law change in 1928?

Answer 32

1928: support for equality from both women and men meant that women received the right to vote.

Question 33

Women’s rights: what did women do in world war 2?

Answer 33

World War II: with the advent of war, women had to fill many roles traditionally occupied by men.

Question 34

Women’s rights: what were the policies that were introduced focused on?

Answer 34

Policies including: equality, education, discrimination and employment.

Question 35

Women’s rights: what was the law change in 1970?

Answer 35

1970: the Equal Pay Act 1970 made it illegal to pay women lower rates than men for the same work.