Ac3.4 - Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Agencies In Achieving Social Control Flashcards
1
Q
Name the example of a case which show the ineffectiveness of the police
A
The ‘Cromer Disorder’
2
Q
The ‘Cromer Disorder’
A
- The case of Ricky Neale, who was left with severe brain damage after Norfolk Police failed to properly investigate his disappearance, highlights the ineffectiveness of police personnel in responding to critical incidents.
- Despite multiple calls from concerned family members, officers dismissed the case as low priority, delaying search efforts for days. -This lack of urgency, poor judgment, and failure to follow procedures resulted in catastrophic consequences, leaving Neale permanently disabled after being hit by a car.
3
Q
Example of a case which show the ineffectiveness of the CPS
A
Abu hamza
4
Q
Abu hamza
A
- The case of Abu Hamza highlights the ineffectiveness of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS).
- Despite his extremist preaching and clear incitement of violence, it took several years before the CPS brought charges against him, raising concerns about delays in decision-making and the failure to act swiftly on available evidence.
- This delay allowed Hamza to continue spreading hate, ultimately undermining public confidence in the criminal justice system.
- The case serves as a key example of how the inaction or inefficiency of legal personnel can result in prolonged threats to public safety.
5
Q
Police achieving social control
Positives
A
- work in the community keeping law and order - act as a deterrent
- expertise with socialist operations eg anti-terrorism, firearms
- held to account by police and crime commissioners
- safeguard the community/preserve life
6
Q
Negatives
A
- dark figure of crime can mean no investigation can take place
- lack of funding/police cuts - crime may be more difficult to prevent eg knife crime
- institutional racism
- racism and bias (stop and searches)
7
Q
Example, name it
A
Colin stagg
8
Q
Colin stagg
A
- judge condemned the police, the undercover operation was ‘deceptive conduct of the grossest kind’
9
Q
CPS achieving social control
Positives
A
- Independent agency
- Full codes test to decide on prosecution bring a uniform and fair approach
- Promotes the rights of victims & witnesses
- The CPS has some success in achieving its aim. In a typical three-month period, it prosecutes around 80,000 cases in a crown court and 450,000 cases in a magistrate courts - around 80% of those prosecuted are convicted.
10
Q
Negatives
A
- Too close to the police- they are available to the police 24/7
- Failed rape cases where there was a failure to disclose documents e.g. Liam Allen
- Budget Cuts by 25% - impact on investigating technological data. Can result in a case being dropped.
- CPS has been criticized for only focusing on serious crimes, the number of rapes reported rose by a third from 2016 - 2020 but the number of prosecutions fell by 60%.
11
Q
Example, name it
A
Glidewell report 1998
12
Q
Glidewell report 1998
A
- organisation lacked effectiveness and efficiency eg high number of judge ordered acquittals of defendants
13
Q
Judiciary in achieving social control - positives
A
- Authority figure ensure that trials are fair & human rights compliant
- Experienced and highly qualified lawyer
- System of precedent to ensure consistency & fairness
- Help and support the jury in points of law
14
Q
Negatives
A
- Increasing number of appeals for unduly lenient sentences
- Out of touch with society and unrepresentative of it
- Judge bias - 68% are male, more then half are over the age of 50, 7% of judges are from minority backgrounds. 74% privately educated.
- Males judges having a lack of sympathy towards female rape victims.
15
Q
Example
A
- “Judge lets former drug dealer off unpaid work because of transport issues” 2017
16
Q
Prisons in achieving social control
Positives
A
- protection of society
- prevention of crime
- rehabilitation of offenders
- reparation to society
17
Q
Negatives
A
Poor record for reducing reoffending (36% of
adults are reconvicted and 64% for short
sentences).
• Budget cuts
• Over crowed prisons - the prison population
has doubled from 43,000 in 1993 to around
87,000 in 2024.
Social control is not achieved inside prison:
• Criminal offences are committed
• Increase in suicide rates
• Mental health issues of prisoners
18
Q
Example, name it
A
Prison disturbances
19
Q
Prison disturbances
A
- HMP Brum riots 2016
- HMP Bedford riots 2016
- HMP Oakwood riots 2014
20
Q
Probation service achieving social control
Positives
A
- Protect the public by rehabilitating
high risk offenders - Help to tackle the causes of
offending and help offenders turn
their lives around - Are affective with supporting first
time offenders - Have a better success rate at
reducing the reoffending rates
21
Q
Negatives
A
• The 2018 probation service inspection report
indicated:
-Offenders housing needs were met less often (54% for
CRCs compared to 70% for NPS)
-Offenders were supervised by telephone only
-One CRC held meetings in open places (CRCs)
-Probation officers in CRCs were carrying higher case
loads compared to the public sector.
• Shortage on treatment programs - reoffending rates
CRC - community rehabilitation companies
22
Q
Example, name it
A
Connor Marshall
23
Q
Conner Marshall
A
- The case of Conner Marshall highlights the ineffectiveness of probation personnel in managing high-risk offenders and ensuring public safety.
- Marshall, a teenager, was brutally murdered by David Braddon, a violent offender who was under probation supervision at the time.
- Investigations revealed serious failings, including poor risk assessment, lack of communication between agencies, and inadequate monitoring of Braddon’s compliance with probation terms.
- Probation officers failed to recognise or act on clear warning signs, allowing Braddon to remain in the community despite his dangerous behaviour.
- It demonstrates the urgent need for improved training, accountability, and resource allocation within the probation service to prevent similar failures in the future.
24
Q
Charities
Positives
A
- Charities are sometimes better placed to reduce offending and re offending than government agencies
- They have a strong commitment to one group or issue and specialist knowledge of people’s needs
- Addresses route cause of criminality can help ex-offenders with accommodation/education (focuses on rehabilitation)
- They are strongly motivated to help and may therefore go the extra mile in a way that gov or privatised agencies may not do
25
Limitations
- They are all mostly voluntary organizations - funding does partly rely on donations (people may be less willing to pay.)
- Charities cannot force the government to act upon their cause
- They only exist where people are concerned about a particular issue or cause e.g., people may be concerned about victims of child sexual abuse to set up charities to support them. They may be less concerned about the abusers and less likely to set up organizations aimed at rehabilitating them.
- media reporting can create a gap in the effectiveness of charities. If a group of victims is portrayed sympathetically, this may increase support for charities that work with this group. If the media produce a negative picture into a particular category of offender, it will be harder for charities that work with them to build support
26
Example
- Nacro - helps with accommodation, education, training, outreach projects
