AC3.1 Explain The Role Of Agencies In Social Control

Question 1

CPS - Philosophy

Answer 1

• to independently prosecute offenders in criminal court so justice is seen to be done
• behave professionally by providing equality and inclusivity, to inspire confidence in the CPS

Question 2

CPS - Aims & Objectives

Answer 2

• independent prosecuting authority for England/Wales
• review evidence submitted by police and decides the charge and whether to prosecute
• advise police in the investigation/ lines of inquiry
• provide information/support to victims

Question 3

CPS - Funding

Answer 3

• main source is the government e.g £499 million in 2016
• CPS recovers some of the cost of its prosecutions, when a judge awards cost against the defendant

Question 4

CPS - Working practices

Answer 4

reach
- Operates nationally with 14 teams which work with local police across England/Wales
- CPS direct 24/7 helpline

types of criminality
- all types of offences as they assist the police investigation

Question 5

CPS - Full code test

Answer 5

Evidential test
- is evidence reliable and credible for a realistic prospect of conviction

Public interest test
- is it in the publics interest to prosecute
- 8 questions e.g how serious the offence is and culpability of the suspect

threshold test
- applied if there isn’t enough evidence to prosecute
- must be a very serious offence + reasonable grounds to believe suspect is guilty

Question 6

CPS - Social control

Answer 6

• review evidence in order to decide the charge and whether to prosecute
• advise police through the investigation via CPS direct 24/7 helpline
• apply full code test to ensure the case is prepared for court and will successfully prosecute

Question 7

Judiciary - Philosophy

Answer 7

• judges are independent from the government and other outside pressures
• when sworn in, they take the oath of allegiance and the judicial oath
• act with impartiality and high integrity (morals)

Question 8

Judiciary - Aims & Objectives

Answer 8

In crown court:
- uphold and interpret law during a criminal trial
- explain procedure and assist jury with points of law

In appeal courts:
- hear appeals while creating new precedents

Question 9

Judiciary - Funding

Answer 9

• salaries are decided by the government following the Senior Salaries Review Body (SSRB)

Question 10

Judiciary- Working practices

Answer 10

reach
- 1 supreme Court (london) with national reach
- many local Crown courts

types of offences
- judges deal with everything apart from summary offences

Security of tenure - can’t be removed from their postiton

Question 11

Judiciary - Social control

Answer 11

• sum up evidence and assist jury with points of law
• interpreting parliamentary statutes and create laws via judicial precedent
• manage trial to ensure rules are followed and a safe verdict is delivered

Question 12

Prison - Philosophy

Answer 12

• to prevent victims by changing the lives/behaviour of offenders
• prisons are governed by the HM Prisons and Probabtion Service (HMPPS)

Question 13

Prison - Aims & Objectives

Answer 13

• protect public from harm
• hold prisoners securely while implementing the sentence of the court
• rehabilitate offenders so they can positively contribute to society

Question 14

Prison - Funding

Answer 14

• funded by the government via taxes
• budget is falling annually
• average cost of £41,000 per prisoner per year

Question 15

Prisoner- Working practices

Answer 15

reach
- HM Prisons service is nationally organised with prisons across the UK

types of offences
- category A, B, C or D depending on security/risk

Question 16

Prison - Social control

Answer 16

• uses incentives and earned privileges to encourage good behaviour and to prevent reoffending
• rehabilitate offenders to lead law abiding lives when released
• prisoners are held in custody which prevents offending and protects society

Question 17

Probation - Philosophy

Answer 17

• protect the public by rehabilitating high risk offenders by tackling the causes of offending
• belief that an offender can change and become responsible

Question 18

Probation - Aims & Objectives

Answer 18

• protect the public by supervising offenders released after rehabilitation
• works in partnership with police,courts,prison,etc to manage offenders

Question 19

Probation - Funding

Answer 19

• part of HMPPS so government funded
• before 2020 worked with Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs) however changed due to being inefficient

Question 20

Probation - Working practices

Answer 20

reach
- national organisation of the CJS with 12 regions across England/Wales

types of offences
- low risk offenders serving community sentences (meetings, courses, 300hour unpaid work)
- offenders released on licence from prison

Question 21

Probation - Working practices

Answer 21

reach
- national organisation of the CJS with 12 regions across England/Wales

types of offences
- low risk offenders serving community sentences (meetings, courses, 300hour unpaid work)
- offenders released on licence from prison

Question 22

Probation - Social control

Answer 22

• supervise offenders serving community sentences
• supervise high risk offenders to ensure they don’t re-offend

Question 23

Charities/Pressure groups - Philosophy

Answer 23

NACRO
- works with young + adult offenders in prison + communities
- aims to overcome stereotypes of ex-prisoners by changing lives

Question 24

Charities/Pressure groups - Aims & Objectives

Question 25

Charities/Pressure groups - Funding

Answer 25

NARCO
- £50 million annually from donations and government grants

Question 26

Charities/Pressure groups - Working practices

Answer 26

NARCO
reach
- national organisation with 50 local areas with staff + volunteers

types of offenders
- works with young people at risk og offending + ex-offenders

-provides services e.g housing, education and support/advice
- projects to prevent re-offending