AC2.1

Question 1

What are the internal forms of social control?

Answer 1

Rational ideology- Your conscious and feeling of anxiety that makes you comply with the law.

Tradition- It maybe a person’s own customs and traditions that ensures they conform to rules

Idealisation of social rules and morality- It is knowing what is right and wrong based on moral values.

Question 2

What theories can be linked with internal forms of social control?

Answer 2

Freud’s psychoanalysis:

• The superego is shaped during the early stages of socialisation.
• It restrains selfish demands of the id
• It excersises self-control and how to behave in socially acceptable ways

Question 3

What are the external forms of social control?

Answer 3

Coercion: Use of force (either physical or non-violent). Non violent coercion consists of strikes and boycott. This can be seen in suspended sentences with the continued threat of custody.

Punishment: Known as deterrence which is a threat used to stop people from committing crime. It comes in two forms: Individual- imposed on offenders to prevent them from committing crimes e.g., suspended sentences. General- prevents others from committing similar crimes e.g., heavy financial penalty (£200 and 6 points on licence for driving whilst using phone).

Question 4

What theories can be linked with external forms of social controls?

Answer 4

Right realism: conservative, supports ZTP- police should have more powers

Left realism: More liberal approach, police should have limited powers

Question 5

Control theory of social control

Answer 5

Walter C Reckless: We can resist committing crime due to: Inner commitment- family and upbringing and outer commitment- social groups. A combination of these prevents people from committing crime

Travis Hirsch:
Social bonds prevent criminal behaviour. Attachment to friends and family, commitment to future goals, involvement in school and belief must be formed to do so.

Feminist theory:
Women’s low offending rate are down to being deeply rooted patriarchal capitalist society. Patriarchal; society controls females more closely making it harder for them to reoffend

Question 6

What theories can be linked to the control theories of social control?

Answer 6

Bowbly’s maternal deprivation:

• A child needs to have a main attachment and should receive continuous care from this person for the first 2 years of their life.
• Any disruption could result in long term cognitive, social and emotional difficulties. These effects are irreversible and can result in delinquency and increased aggression.