AC1.1 Governmental Law Making

Question 1

What is parliament made up of?

Answer 1

The House of Commons: made up of elected representatives
The House of Lords: To act as a ‘double check’ on laws
The Monarch: Formal role in law-making

Question 2

What is green paper?

Answer 2

An initial report used to provoke discussion on the specific subject. Often includes questions for interested individuals.

Question 3

What is white paper?

Answer 3

Following consultation, a document setting out detailed plans for legislation is produced called a white paper. This often includes a draft version of the Bill.

Question 4

What are the stages for a Bill to become law? Explain what each stage includes

Answer 4

1. First Reading - The name of the Bill and its aims are read aloud, a formal vote is taken.
2. Second Reading - The main debate takes place followed by another formal vote.
3. Committee Stage - Chosen representatives looked closely at the Bill and address any issues. They then suggest appropriate amendments.
4. Report Stage - The committee report to parliament, presenting the suggested amendments
5. Third Reading - A final vote is taken
6. Royal Assent - The Monarch signs the Bill, however cannot refuse it as it is only now a stage of symbolism.

Question 5

What are some examples of criminal laws introduced by the government and passed through parliament?

Answer 5

The Criminal Justice Act 2003 - Introduced a change in the double jeopardy rule following the successful campaign of Ann Ming and Macpherson Report 1999. The change led to the prosecution of Stephen Lawrence's and Julie Hogg's murderers. 
The Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 - Introduced mandatory minimums for a range of repeat offences such as life sentences for second serious sexual/violent offences. 
The Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 - A rushed act to be passed through parliament as a result of moral panic. Bills usually taking a few months to be passed through parliament, this took a few weeks.