AC 3.4 Flashcards

1
Q

why do police work community (EFF)

A

to prevent crime, keep the unlicensed safe and try to combat anti-social behaviour

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2
Q

what do the police issue (EFF)

A

issuing notices, ordering people to cease unacceptable behavior and referring matters to CPS or the courts

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3
Q

what specialist units do police have (EFF)

A

trained to deal with issues such as terrorism or incidents involving weapons, British transport police

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4
Q

example of effective police

A

wayne cousins

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5
Q

how was the wayne cousins case effective

A

they police made sure everything was done correctly so they could find the offender.

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6
Q

how does the media make the police look like

A

media often exports negative aspects/ lack of effect ones of the role of the police in achieving social control (Stephen Lawrence)

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7
Q

example of the police being ineffective

A

John Lowe AKA puppy farm murder

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8
Q

what happen in the John Lowe - puppy farm murder

A

man who was jailed for life aged 82 for the murder his partner and her daughter. Surrey police apologised for returning the confiscated guns (weapon used) to him seven months before the shootings

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9
Q

why might be the reason knife crime rose

A

rose from 24,000-40,000 between 2014 and 2018 but this could in part be a result of better recording methods.

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10
Q

what did different crime surveys say

A

there is inconsistency in statistical evidence about crime rates

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11
Q

the baroness casey report say about the met police

A

s “institutional racism, misogyny and homophobia” in the met, with bullying “widespread”

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12
Q

what did the BC report say the force was failing who

A

“failing women and children”, with “overworked and inexperienced” officers handling rape cases and “major inadequacies” in child protection.

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13
Q

the met police were unable to protect who - casey report

A

“unable to police itself” and predatory behaviour has been “allowed to flourish”

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14
Q

what did Austerity affected the force how casey report

A

has “profoundly” affected the fore, with 126 police stations closed in recent years and frontline teams “over-stretched and under-supported”

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15
Q

what does the CPS bring

A

an independent element to the charging and prosecution of offences

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16
Q

who do the CPS work with

A

police to bring social control

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17
Q

what test do the CPS use

A

full code test

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18
Q

what does the full code test provide (CPS)

A

uniform and fair approach to its role and allows a due process model of justice to be implemented

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19
Q

on some occasions what did CPS failed at

A

to bring about social control so not been seen as effective

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20
Q

what did Sir Lain Glidewell report 1998 say abt CPS

A

stating that the organisation lacked effectiveness and efficiency and particularly referred to the number of judge-ordered acquittals of defendants being far too high.

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21
Q

what challenge did Kevin McGinty the CPS are facing

A

facing the CPS and police is considerable” he said. “The CPS has been struggling to deal with its caseload without having the numbers of lawyers needed to do it”

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22
Q

example of the CPS being ineffective

A

Damilola Taylor is example of an inappropriate application of the tests resulting in a failed prosecution

23
Q

what was the problem with the damilola taylor

A

ere was a heavy reliance on the evidence from a 14-year-old girl. The girl’s evidence was thrown out of court when it was shown she had lied. The CPS was widely condemned as a result as it was said that the lies were extremely obvious, and the CPS should have known they would be exposed.

24
Q

why is the judicary seen as uneffective

A

becasue of the amount of appeals bc of unduly lenient

25
when was the ULS launched
1989
26
the ULS scheme was expanded to what
6 times and now includes a range of terror-related offences, all serious sexual offences, threats to kill, child cruelty, people trafficking and modern slavery, and many racially religiously aggravated offences. Most recently, special offences involving an abuse of trust indecent images offences and domestic abuse offences were added to the scheme.
27
what did the media say abt the judiciary with achieving social control
over the years have reported cases which suggest that the judiciary is ineffective in achieving social control.
28
judges are often portrayed as what
out of touch of society
29
judges have been seen making what type of comments
many occasions where judges appear to have made inappropriate comments leading to sentences thought to be unsuitable given the circumstances hence considered ineffective.
30
what is the first aim/objective of prison service
To protect the public from harm
31
what is the second aim/objective of prison service
to help people who have been convicted of offences to rehabilitate so they can contribute positively to society
32
what is the third aim/objective of prison service
to hold prisoners securely and implement the sentences and orders of the courts
33
what factors that effect social control
staff and budget cuts overcrowding drugs epidemic prison disturbances and breach of security
34
what is percentage of prison pop increase
by nearly 25%. one in seven (15%) of prison officers left the service.
35
example of ineffective prison service (3 prisoners)
wreaked havoc during “mutiny” at staffordshire prison that saw inmates take over a whole wing and cause £180,000 of damages
36
what are probation service aims and objective
priorities protecting the public by rehabilitating offenders, by tackling the causes of their offending and enabling them to turn their lives around.
37
how many offenders are on probation at one time
250,000
38
what do offender need to be deemed as to probation in the community
safe enough to serve their sentence in the community or to complete if there if they are released from prison on license
39
what is a Probation service - geographical wide
national service working to the same standards throughout the country, but delivering the service regionally and locally.
40
when the probation service part private what was enable
would enable the national probation service to nurture collaboration, working to get to the root cause of reoffending, therefore implying it would be more effective
41
what was said abt the the conservative gov's part priv of probation
“was the deepest privatisation that the criminal justice system has ever experienced, it transferred 70% of the work done by the public probation service to private and voluntary sector providers”
42
when the Probation service was part private what happen to reoffending rates
climbed by 32%
43
what did the probation service used to be called
national probation service
44
what issues with the probation
became so bad, including grave concerns about the effectiveness of CRCs, that the government was forced to completely restructure the agency
45
the new probation service became responsible for what
became responsible for managing all those on a community order or licence following their release from prison England and wales
46
how does specialist organisations help the probation service
delivering resettlement and rehabilitative services such as education, training and employment and accommodation
47
what did say abt the probation service- not enough to protect who
Not enough is being done to protect the public in england and wales from sex offenders, inspectors for the prison and probation services have found
48
what was the odds of sex offender that released were not working
Four in ten , reduce the risk of re-offending
49
how many cases of offender should of faced enforcement
in 42 cases, after leaving jail- should have faced enforcement action for missing appointments, breaching licence conditions or reoffending. But in nearly half of cases, no action was taken
50
what were the odds of the probation service using a accredited programmes
Out of 120 probation cases inspected, only 17 offenders of the 42 ordered to start a programme had done so.
51
why is the effectiveness of charities and pressure group to evaluate
We have limited knowledge on these as there is not a lot of statistics so harder to evaluate, coming from a bias standpoint
52
what do charities/ pressure groups to work to effect
effect change and support prisoner and their families
53
what charities campaign for prisoners' rights
the prison reform trust and the Howard league for penal reform
54
who is held responsible for limitations for charities/ pressure groups
Government responsible for limitations such a overcrowding and low staff numbers which all impact prisoners’ life