A.C 3.2 Flashcards

Question

What is meant by the term Institutional?

Answer 1

Rules within schools/prisons to control conduct.

Answer 2

~In 2024, in England and Wales, there are a total of 122 prisons, holding over 87,000 prisoners. Of these, 108 were public sector prisons, run by government, and 14 were private prisons, run by three private companies (Sodexo, G4S and Serco). ~The prison service is nationally organised, with prisons situated throughout the UK. ~There are 4x category of prison: Cat A (maximum security), i.e. Wakefield prison. Cat B, i.e. Wandsworth Cat C, i.e. Birmingham Cat D (open prison), i.e. Kirkham ~The prison service deals with higher risk offenders who are deemed unsuitable to serve their sentence in the community. However, the range of seriousness of offence varies greatly from murder down to theft. ~Incentives and Earned privileges

Answer 3

~Every day Nacro helps thousands of people build the independence and resilience they need to look forward to their futures. ~Practical help: Our education, housing, justice, and health and wellbeing services support people to put in place the things they need to move forwards and build positive futures. We work collaboratively with other services and providers. ~Personalized support and advice: Our practical provision is successful because our approach is one of personalized, individual support for the people we help and their families. ~Nacro use our front-line experience, combined with sound research, to campaign for policy and systems change, i.e. End Friday Releases.

Answer 4

~Preparing pre-sentence reports for courts, to help them select the most appropriate sentence for the individual offender ~Managing approved premises for offenders whose sentence includes a residence requirement ~Assessing prisoners to prepare them for their release on license back into the community ~Helping offenders serving sentences in the community to meet the requirements ordered by the courts ~Communicating with the offender’s victims in certain cases

Answer 5

~CPS make the decision to prosecute using the ‘full code test’, compiled of evidential and public interest stages. For a case to successfully reach Court, the full code test must be satisfied that conviction is likely. ~ CPS is a national body, working across the UK to prosecute cases.

Answer 6

The judge takes two oaths upon undertaking this role: ~Oath of Allegiance: to the King and his successors ~Judicial Oath: to ‘do right to all manner of people after the laws and usages of this realm, without fear or favour, affection or ill-will’. ~At the most senior level, the Supreme Court has nationwide jurisdiction and settles points of national importance. ~Judges working in the lower (inferior) courts, such as the Crown Court, handle local cases. ~Judges do receive ‘security of tenure’ meaning that they cannot be easily removed from office.

Answer 7

~43 police forces across the UK ~All police forces have teams of officers who are responsible for general beat duties and response to emergency and nonemergency calls from the public. Nearly all police officers begin their careers in this area of policing, with some moving on to more specialist departments i.e. Antiterrorism, bomb-squad, firearms etc. ~Police deal with virtually all types of crimes. ~ General duties include investigating crime, responding to emergencies, securing crime scenes, working with and patrolling local communities

Answer 8

The basic mission of the police is to prevent crime and disorder. ~The police’s ability to perform their duties depends on the public’s cooperation and approval; ~The use of physical force is a last resort ~The police’s duty is to impartially serve the law The police are the public, and the public are the police. The police are just citizens in uniform, paid to do what citizens must do, uphold the law

Answer 9

~Judicial Independence – Free from government interference. ~Impartiality – Not taking sides ~Integrity – Honest and acting morally ~Propriety – Upholding society’s standards ~Ensuring equal treatment to all ~Competence – Knowledge and ability to do the job

Answer 10

Independence and Fairness – Prosecuting without bias. ~Honesty and Openness ~Treating everyone with respect. ~Professionalism and striving for excellence ~Equality and inclusion.

Answer 11

~The belief that offenders can change for the better and become responsible members of society. ~ A belief in the worth and dignity of the individual. ~A commitment to social justice, social inclusion, equality and diversity.

Answer 12

HM Prison and Probation service (HMPPS), the government agency responsible for the UKs prisons, describes its purpose as ‘preventing victims by changing the lives of offenders’. “If a society is measured by how, it treats its worst off, we have reason to think hard and well about how we manage the lives of those in prison”

Answer 13

“We want a society where everyone has the chance to succeed and the support they need to achieve their potential. Where a safe secure home, a decent education and a second chance when things go wrong are the foundations, we can all build our lives on"

Answer 14

~ defensible space ~CPTED is ‘gated lanes’- mainly used to prevent burglaries ~No more blocks of flats should be built(improving the location) ~Each existing block should have its own garden or private space, so residents would look after it (improved territoriality) ~Overhead walkways should be removed (improved surveillance)

Answer 15

->territoriality ->surveillance ->a safe image ->a protected location.

Answer 16

~ASBOs ~Criminal behaviour orders (CBO) ~Token economics

A.C 3.2 Flashcards

(41 cards)