A.C 2.1

Question 1

What is Social Control?

Answer 1

Social control is where; organisations or bodies of people put into place rules or regulations for people to follow to ensure that society runs smoothly by preventing criminal and deviant behaviour.

Question 2

What is formal social control?

Answer 2

It is carried out by authorised organisations and bodies such as police officers, courts and work places of employment often implemented through statutory and judicial processes.

Question 3

What is informal social control?

Answer 3

It is exercised by society without stating any rules or laws. It is expressed through norms and customs. Social control is performed by informal agents on their own in an unofficial capacity.

Question 4

What is one example of an formal sanction?

Answer 4

~arresting someone
~issuing a sentence for imprisonment

Question 5

What is one example of an informal sanction?

Answer 5

~Shame
~sarcasm
~criticism
~ridicule
~demonstrating disapproval for certain actions and behaviours.

Question 6

What are the two main forms of social control?

Answer 6

~Internal
~External

Question 7

Define internal social control?

Answer 7

When we control ourselves, self-control which comes from our own personalities, beliefs and values

Question 8

Define external social control?

Answer 8

When other people or groups in our society control us.
These people or groups are called agencies of social control.

Question 9

What is an example of either people or agencies of social control?

Answer 9

~parents
~teachers
~the criminal justice system
~local authorities

Question 10

Travis Hirschi-Social bond theory (1969)

Answer 10

~Hirschi’s ideas on control theory placed greater emphasis on social influences
~He put forward the idea that we are all subject to ‘animalistic impulses’ and thus claimed that we are all therefore ‘capable of committing criminal acts’
~He suggested that people are more likely to be deviant when their ‘bond to society is weak or broken’ and those with ‘good social bonds’ are less likely to commit crime
~Hirschi came up with the four key elements of the social theory bond based on this idea…..

Question 11

What are the four elements of the Social Theory Bond

Answer 11

1)Attachment- the attachment of the individual to others.

2)Commitment-If we are committed to someone or something (e.g. job/marriage/good education or other conventions)

3)Involvement- Being involved in conventional activities (e.g sports/clubs/studying etc)

4)Belief