Ac 2.2 Flashcards
Outline the aims of retribution
Offenders deserve punishment to avenge society and victim
Just deserts- fair and proportional sentences given
What theories undermine retribution
Right realists- offending is a choice where they looked at all factors and still offended (rational choice)
Functionalists- boundary maintenance- break boundary’s to create behavior illegal
What’s the criticism to retribution
Subjective view on proportional sentences and doesn’t reduce reoffending
Outline the aims to rehabilitation
Reintegrate offender, believes there are other factors offender couldn’t control, believes in treatments
What theories support rehabilitation
CBT- change cognitive behaviour to make them rational/normal
Operant conditioning- token economys
What’s a criticism of rehabilitation
Soft approach on offending and doesn’t work for all offenders
Outline the aims of deterrence
Putting people off offending individually (lowering reoffending) or generally (prevent offending) 2011 London riots
What theories support deterrence
Right realists- rational choice, use of CCTV and gated alleys
STL- vicarious reinforcement- watch others get punished puts people of wanting to do same thing
What are the criticisms to deterrence
Little to none reduction to reoffending, crime still happens, impulsive offenders not effected
What are the aims of public protection
Remove offenders ability t offend, using sentences, or extreme methods like chemical castration or hand cutting
What theories support public protection
Lombroso- criminals have biological differences then rest of population, need to remove them.
Right realists- long prison sentences
What are the criticisms to public protection
Risk management- doesn’t treat root cause of offending.
Incapacitation- warehousing effect where holding people in prison for long time increases prison population
Outline the aims of reparation
Amend wrongdoing offender has done through financial compensation or community work
What theories support reparation
Labelling theory- allows offender to show remorse and reduces reoffending
What are the criticisms to reparation
Doesn’t work on sexual or violent crimes, also soft approach to dealing with offending
