ABx

Question 1

ERYTHROMYCIN

Answer 1

MACROLIDE

• inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50s subunit
• bacteriostatic
• strep, MSSA, pneumococci; minimal G- - h.flu; Anaerobes -oral; Atyp: leg, chlam. pneum, mycoplasm pneum.
• RESPIRATORY INFX, COPD, chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea, sinusitis
• ADR’s: GI!!, phlebitis (IV), increase cardiac QT interval, LR toxicitity

Question 2

AZITHROMYCIN

Answer 2

MACROLIDE

• inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50s subunit
• bacteriostatic
• strep, MSSA, pneumococci; minimal G- - h.flu; Anaerobes -oral; Atyp: leg, chlam. pneum, mycoplasm pneum.
• RESPIRATORY INFX, COPD, chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea, sinusitis
• ADR’s: least GI out of macrolides.
• DOSE BEFORE OR AFTER MEALS

Question 3

AMOXICILLIN

Answer 3

AMINOPENICILLIN
beta-lactam ABx = binds to PBP’s inhibiting cell wall syn.
- INDIC: UTI, sinusitis, otitis, LRTI, endocarditis
- PO
- GRAM - SOME
- GRAM+ strep, enterococci
INTERACTIONS: ACACIA
ADR’s: allergi rxns, diarrhea, seizures, KD, LR, BLOOD

Question 4

AMOXICILLIN + ____ = Augmentin

Answer 4

CLAVULANATE = inhibits beta-lactamases
PO 
ADR: GI distress, diarrhea
G+ strep MSSA
G- excellent + p. aeuro 
An excellent
Enterobacteriacea

Question 5

CEPHALEXIN

Answer 5

Beta-lactam ABx, Cephalosporin
1st gen
alternative to Penicillin
PO
G+ strep MSSA
G- some E. coli, Kleb
An oral only 
INDIC: UTI, skin infx, some resp., surgical proph. 
ADR's: allergic rxn!, diarrhea!, blood, seizure
KD CLEARANCE - so monitor

Question 6

DOXYCYCLINE

Answer 6

INDIC: resp infx
100 mg BID
chelates Ca
alt to PCN allergy
can use if KD failure 
ADR's: photosensitivity! tooth discoloration in kids! N, diarrhea, esophagitis, leukocytosis
G+ strep, MSSA (SSTI)
G- h. flu, rickettsiae
An mostly oral
Atyp leg., chlam., myco pneum.

Question 7

TETRACYCLINE

Answer 7

INHIBITS PROTEIN SYN - BINDS TO RIBOSOMAL 30’S SUBUNIT = bacteriostatic
indic: resp, intracell infx, acne, rosacea, chlam., SSTI
chelates Ca
alt to PCN allergy
can use if KD failure
ADR’s: photosensitivity! tooth discoloration in kids! N, diarrhea, esophagitis, leukocytosis
G+ strep, MSSA (SSTI)
G- h. flu, rickettsiae
An mostly oral
Atyp leg., chlam., myco pneum.

Question 8

MOA of FLUOROQUINOLONES

Answer 8

inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase, DNA rep. and transcription

bactericidal

Question 9

MOA of sulfonamides

Answer 9

inhibit folic acid syn via enzyme inhibition

bacteriostatic

Question 10

CIPROFLOXACIN

Answer 10

• CIPRO (sip = PO) .. can also IV
• FLOX (fluoro) … Queen sips (fluoroquin)… a lot (broad spectrum)
• OXACIN (broad spectrum)
• ACIN (sin = negative Gram; KILL! = bactericidal) … most G- and G+ (MSSA) and atypicals: leg, C. pneum., M. pneum.)
• INDIC: a lot… uti, kd infx, resp infx, ssti, jt infx
  C/I: pregN, children (queen cannot have children)
  ADR’s: GI - nausea, CNS- HA, dizzy, insomnia)… typical Queen-like sxs
• increased resistance to the Queen

Question 11

METRONIDAZOLE

Answer 11

messes w DNA … dazole
it’s metro and likes only anaerobes - tx stuff still in the closet (not much 02 in there)
up the butt = c.diff diarrhea and all the way up into intra-abd. abscess (peritonitis, h. pylori)
vaginitis
in the mouth = lung abscess
not much resistance to this guy cuz so metro clean
DISULFIRAM RXN - distuffram! too much booze and went crazy sexxy = flush, sweat, N

Question 12

VANCOMYCIN

Answer 12

vanish MRSA!

Question 13

drugs that tx pseudomonas

Answer 13

• Aminoglycosides
• Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
• Ceftazidime(avibactam), cefepime, ceftolozane/tazobactam
• Piperacillin, ticarcillin
• Aztreonam
• Imipenem, meropenem, doripenem

Question 14

True Anaerobic Coverage

Answer 14

• Metronidazole
• beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors • Carbapenems
• Moxifloxacin
• Clindamycin
• Cefoxitin / Cefotetan