Absorbing Water And Mineral Ions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 4 uses of water in plants?

A
  • Carrying dissolved mineral ions
  • Keeping the cells rigid (so that they don’t wilt)
  • Cooling the leaves through evaporation
  • Photosynthesis
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2
Q

What parts are there to a root hair cell?

A
Nucleus
Cytoplasm 
Vacuole
Cell wall
Cell membrane
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3
Q

How are root hair cells adapted to increases the uptake of Starr and soils?

A

1) Shape- increases the surface area, to absorb more minerals and water
2) Thin cell wall- easy for water and minerals to pass through

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4
Q

What are similarities between osmosis and diffusion?

A
  • Both move particles down a concentration gradient (high to low)
  • Both require NO energy
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5
Q

What are some differences between osmosis and diffusion?

A
  • Osmosis happens across a partially permeable membrane, whereas diffusion doesn’t require a membrane
  • Osmosis requires solvent particles but diffusion can happen in any liquid or gas
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6
Q

How does water move from the soil into the cell membrane of a root hair cell?

A

They are semi-permeable and move into the cytoplasm by osmosis.

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7
Q

How does water move through the cell wall of a plant form the soil?

A

Cell walls have an open structure, so water particles move by diffusion into the centre of the root

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8
Q

What happens during active transport?

A

It is moving against the concentration gradient, requiring ENERGY.
- There are more mineral ions inside the cell- they get pumped into the cell.

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9
Q

What are nitrate ions required to make in plants?

A

Proteins

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10
Q

Why can mineral ions not move by diffusion into root hair cells?

A
  • There are more mineral ions inside the cell
  • This would mean they would have to move AGAINST the concentration gradient.
  • Diffusion = down a concentration gradient so active transport is required to pump ions in.
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11
Q

How does the concentration gradient affect diffusion?

A

The larger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion

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12
Q

How does temperature affect diffusion?

A

Higher temperatures, give the the particles more energy, increase diffusion

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13
Q

How does surface area affect diffusion?

A

Larger surface area, faster diffusion.

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