Abrasion

Question 1

What is abrasion

Answer 1

S.I on SL of epithelium or on mucous membrane

Question 2

Caused by?

Answer 2

Hard blunt and rough object

Question 3

In which way?

Answer 3

1.By fall
2.By blow
3 being dragged during vehicular accident
4.teeth bite
5.by ropes & strings

Question 4

Objects example?

Answer 4

1. Bamboo stick
2. fist
3. cricket ball
4. rough surface
5. cycle chain

Question 5

Characteristics

Answer 5

1. S.I involving discontinuity of ED or MM

2.due to friction of HBR object
Scratches by sharp object

3.S&S of A = S&S of Obj
Exp in scratches

4. Site of A = Site of impact
5. large A painful and bleed profusely
6. they heal rapidly in 1-2 weeks
7. No scar

Question 6

Types

Answer 6

SGPP

1. Scratches (L.A)
2. Grazes (Sliding or scrapping A)
3. Pressure A (Crushing A)
4. Patterned A (Contact/impact/imprint A)

Question 7

1. Scratches

Answer 7

Scratching with a sharp tip
Ex- Pin; needle; thron

Initial part of I- raw surface
Terminal part heaping of epithelium
This helps know the direction of I

Question 8

2.Grazes

Answer 8

Results when the body is dragged on the rough surface
Vehicular accident

A violent lateral graze due to rubbing of skin
Eg in dragging is known as brush burn.

Question 9

3.Pressure A

Answer 9

From pressure of object on the body with no or little friction

Eg- Ligature marks in hanging / strangulation
Teeth bites and nail marks in rapes

Question 10

4. patterned A

Answer 10

Impacting object after contact with the body part injuries the epithelium and at the same time reproduce it’s print or pattern on the body

Eg- pattern of two parallel lines in stick blow

Cycle chain

Whip

Question 11

Age of A

Answer 11

Heals periphery to central
By new growth of epithelial cells

Initially bright red
Than covered by scab composed of blood and lymph

Question 12

Gross examination

Answer 12

Fresh bright red

12-24hr B&L dries up bright red scab forms

2-3 days scab begins reddish brown

4-7 days Dark brown scab epithelium grows under scab and covers the defect

7+ S dries shrinks and falls off gradually

Question 13

D.D

Answer 13

Excoriation of skin around genitals caused by excreta in children napies rashes

Bed sores or pressure sores - history - elderly -back side -elbow -site of lesion point of contact

PM injuries caused by Ants(moist parts lips skin fold ) and marine animal projecting part eg nose ears penis scrotum

Question 14

Difference in Am pm

Answer 14

1. Bleeding
2. position
3. color
4. inflammation
5. vital rxn
6. margins
7. merges
8. enzyme
9. healing

Question 15

MoL

Answer 15

Very common help us know

Nature Of I

Type of weapon /obj of assault

Age of injury hence time

Direction

I AM or PM

Whether injury is Suicidal; Homi or accidental
Considering the site,no,size and shape of injury
Usually accidental
Sometimes homi
Rarely suicidal

Around mouth and nose smothering
Around private parts nail marks sexual offences
Ligature marks hanging strangulation
Neck throttling

Forged

Cornea - Blindness