ABPSYCH CH1 Flashcards
Study of people who suffer mental, emotional, and often physical pain ; study of abnormal behavior.
Abnormal Psychology
A psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected
Psychological Disorder
4D’s: Refers to a breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning. It interferes with daily life.
Dysfunction
4D’s: Refers to a breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning. It interferes with daily life.
Dysfunction
The individual is extremely upset. This criterion does not really define a psychological disorder because it is often quite normal.
Distress
Atypical or not culturally expected response. Something is considered abnormal because it occurs infrequently.
Deviance
Behaviors and feelings that are of potential harm to the individual such as suicidal gestures, or to others, such as excessive aggression.
Danger
The scientific study of psychological disorders.
Psychopathology
PhD degree; Specialization in treating and researching psychological problems; Conducts psychotherapy
Clinical and Counseling Psychologist
MD degree specialized in psychiatry; Can prescribe medications; Trained to conduct psychotherapy as well
Psychiatrists
MD in social work; Focus on helping patients overcome special conditions that are contributing to their problems
Psychiatric Social Workers
Degree in nursing; Specialize in the care and treatment of patients with psychological disorders usually in hospitals as part of a treatment team
Psychiatric Nurses
Employed to provide clinical services by hospitals or clinics, usually under the supervision of doctoral-level clinician.
Marriage and Family Therapists and Mental Health Counselors
Mental health professionals that take a scientific approach to their clinical work
Scientist-Practitioner
Clinical Description: A traditional shorthand way of indicating why the person came to the clinic
Presents
Clinical Description: Represents the unique combination of behaviors, thought, and feelings that make up a specific disorder.
Clinical Description
Clinical Description: Refers both to the types of problems or disorders that you would find in a clinic or hospital and to the activities connected with assessment and treatment
Clinical
Clinical Description: Commonness; how many people in the population as a whole have the disorder
Prevalence of Disorder
Clinical Description: Statistics on how many new cases during a given period (year)
Incidence of the Disorder
Clinical Description: What percentage of males and females have the disorder and typical age of onset, which often differs from one disorder to another
Sex Ratio
Clinical Description: The term that is used when the disorder follow a somewhat individual pattern
Course
Course of disorders: The disorder tend to last a long time
Chronic Course
Course of disorders: The individual is likely to recover within a few months only to suffer a recurrence of the disorder at a later time.
Episodic Course
Course of disorders: The individual is likely to recover within a few months only to suffer a recurrence of the disorder at a later time.
Episodic Course
Course of Disorders: The disorder will improve without treatment in a relatively short period with little or no risk of recurrence
Time-Limited Course
Differences in Onset: The disorder begins suddenly
Acute Onset
Differences in Onset: The disorder develops gradually over an extended period of time
Insidious Onset
The anticipated course of a disorder
Prognosis
The study of changes in behavior over time
Developmental Psychology
The study of changes in abnormal behavior
Developmental Psychopathology
The study of changes in abnormal behavior
Developmental Psychopathology
The study of abnormal behavior across the entire age span
Life-Span Developmental Psychopathology
The study of origins that has to do with why a disorder begin and includes biological psychological, and social dimensions
Etiology
If a new drug or psychosocial treatment is successful in treating a disorder, it may give us some hints about the nature of the disorder and its causes
Treatment
The Supernatural Tradition: Treatments included exorcism, shaving the pattern of a cross on the hair of the victim, and securing sufferers to a wall
Demons and Witches
The Supernatural Tradition: Insanity was a natural phenomenon caused by mental or emotional distress—curabe; Story of King Charles VI
Stress and Melancholy
The Supernatural Tradition: Characterized by large-scale outbreaks of bizarre behaviors
Mass Hysteria
The Supernatural Tradition: Emotion contagion - phenomenon where the experience of a emotion seems to spread to those around us
Modern Mass Hysteria
The Supernatural Tradition: Gravitational effects of the moon on bodily fluids might be a possible cause of mental disorders
The Moon and the Stars
Biological Tradition: The father of medicine; coined the term hysteria now called somatic symptom disorder
Hippocrates
Biological Tradition: Humoral Theory of Mental Illness
Galen
According to Galen , too much black bile means you have _____________
Depression
2 treatments of Hippocrates and Galen
- Bleeding or bloodletting
- Induce vomiting
It is what caused women’s health problems and that marriage is the cure; hungry for semen
Wandering Uterus Theory
Cure to syphilis
Malaria led to penicillin
Increased Higher dosage of insulin until patients convulsed and became temporarily comatose.
Insulin Shock Therapy
Sending six small shocks directly through the brian, producing convulsions
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Minor tranquilizers or reduced anxiety
Benzodiazepines
One of the founding fathers of Modern Psychiatry; Father of Descriptive Psychiatry
Emil Kraepelin
Philosophers who both believed that the causes of maladaptive behavior were the social and cultural influences in one’s life
Plato and Aristotle
Psychological Tradition: Treating institutionalized patients as normal as possible in a setting that encourages and reinforce social interaction
The Rise of Moral Therapy
Proponents of Moral Therapy - Moral Therapy
Philippe Pinel and Jean Baptiste Pussin
Proponents of Moral Therapy - Led reforms in the US
Benjamin Rush
Proponents of Moral Therapy - Mental hygiene movement
Dorothea Dix
Proponents of Biological Perspective: All psychological disorders can be explained in terms of brain pathology
Wilhelm Griesinger
Proponents of Biological Perspective: Developed a scheme for classifying symptoms into discrete disorders which is the basis of the modern classification
Emil Kraepelin
Proponents of Psychoanalytic Perspective: The Father of Hypnosis: Mesmerism
Franz Anton Mesmer
Proponents of Psychoanalytic Perspective: Connection between hypnosis and hysteria
Jean Charcot
Proponents of Psychoanalytic Perspective: Unconscious, hypnosis, catharsis
Sigmund Freud and Josef Breuer
Proponents of Behaviorism: Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
Proponents of Behaviorism: Phobia
John Watson
Proponents of Behaviorism: Law of Effect
E.L. Thorndike
Proponents of Behaviorism: Operant Conditioning
B.F. Skinner
