ABNORMALITIES IN CELL GROWTH

Question 1

RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- incomplete development of the organ

Answer 1

APLASIA

Question 2

RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- failure of an organ to develop fully

Answer 2

HYPOPLASIA

Question 3

RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- complete non-appearance of an organ

Answer 3

AGENESIA

Question 4

RETROGRESSIVE CHANGES:
- failure of an organ to form an opening

Answer 4

ATRESIA

Question 5

Acquired decrease of the size of a normally developed organ

Answer 5

ATROPHY

Question 6

Increase cell SIZE

Answer 6

HYPERTROPHY

Question 7

• Changes in ADULT FORM of cell

Answer 7

DEGENERATIVE CHANGES

Question 7

Increase in CELL POPULATION

Answer 7

HYPERPLASIA

Question 8

SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- occurs immediately after death; apparent only in autopsy

Answer 8

POST-MORTEM CLOTTING

Question 8

DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- lack of differentiation of cells

Answer 8

ANAPLASIA

Question 8

DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- means new growth; uncontrolled proliferation of cells with no purpose

Answer 8

NEOPLASIA

Question 8

DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- replacement of one cell type of cells to
another type in the same site (reversible)

Answer 8

METAPLASIA

Question 9

DEGENERATIVE CHANGES:
- means “DISORDERED GROWTH”

Answer 9

DYSPLASIA

Question 9

CHARACTERISTICS OF TUMORS

Answer 9

1. May resemble and function like a normal cell
2. Autonomous; non-responsive to normal growth factors
3. Parasitic nature; competes with cells for metabolic needs

Question 11

PARTS OF A TUMOR:
- actively dividing

Answer 11

PARENCHYMA

Question 11

PARTS OF A TUMOR:
- connective tissue framework and lymphatic and vascular channels

Answer 11

STROMA

Question 12

Decomposition of body carried out by microbial action (normal flora from gut migrates to blood vessels and spreads all over the body)

Answer 12

PUTREFACTION

Question 12

SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- STIFFENING of the muscles due lack of ATP

Answer 12

RIGOR MORTIS

Question 12

ALGOR MORTIS are sped up by:

Answer 12

fever, extreme physical activity before death

Question 12

SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- Cooling of the body
- Normal rate of cooling: 7F/hr

Answer 12

ALGOR MORTIS

Question 13

RIGOR MORTIS starts ____ hours port-mortem, completes _____ hrs post-mortem and persist for ____ days.

Answer 13

2-3 hours post-mortem; 6-12 hrs post-mortem; 3-4 days

Question 13

SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
- Purplish discoloration of skin due to blood stasis

Answer 13

LIVOR MORTIS/SUGGILATION

Question 13

SECONDARY CHANGES OF DEATH:
 General drying and wrinkling of fluid-filled organs;
 most evident in the cornea, and anterior chamber of eye

Answer 13

DESSICATION