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Abnormal Pysch > Abnormal Psych Test 3 > Flashcards

Abnormal Psych Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Depressive disorders

A

a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest

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2
Q

What is the gender different in depressive disorder?

A

Women 2x as likely as men

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3
Q

Dysphoria

A

a state of unease or generalized dissatisfaction with life.

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4
Q

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A

a mental disorder characterized by a persistently depressed mood and long-term loss of pleasure or interest in life for AT LEAST 2 WEEKS

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5
Q

Seasonal affective disorder

A

A mood disorder characterized by depression that occurs at the same time every year

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6
Q

Peripartum onset

A

MDD symptoms that begin during pregnancy or within four weeks of delivery
- 30% of Women experience this
- 1 in 10 women experience it to the extent of an MDD

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7
Q

Persistent depressive disorder

A

a low mood occurring for at least two years, along with at least 2 other symptoms of depression
- Symptoms include sadness, loss of sleep, excessive hunger/fatigue

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8
Q

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

includes physical and behavioral symptoms that usually resolve with the onset of menstruation.

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9
Q

Disruptive mood disorder

A

a childhood condition of extreme irritability, anger, and frequent, intense temper outbursts

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10
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

a mental condition marked by alternating periods of elation and depression

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11
Q

Mania

A

mental illness marked by periods of great excitement or euphoria, delusions, and overactivity.

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12
Q

Bipolar I disorder

A

manic episodes that last at least 7 days (most of the day, nearly every day) or by manic symptoms that are so severe that the person needs immediate hospital care

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13
Q

Bipolar II disorder

A

It involves at least one depressive episode lasting at least two weeks and at least one hypomanic episode lasting at least four days.

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14
Q

Hypomania

A

periods of over-active and excited behavior that can have a significant impact on your day-to-day life

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15
Q

Cyclothymic disorder

A

A mood disorder that causes emotional highs and lows. At least 2-year periods

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16
Q

Rapid cycling bipolar disorder

A

a pattern of frequent, distinct episodes in bipolar disorder experiences four or more episodes of mania or depression in one year

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17
Q

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

A

an interactive neuroendocrine unit comprising of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands

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18
Q

Neuroinflammation

A

an inflammatory response within the brain or spinal cord

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19
Q

Learned helplessness

A

a state that occurs after a person has experienced a stressful situation repeatedly

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20
Q

Reformulated learned helplessness theory

A

individuals have habitual ways of explaining the stressors that occur in their lives

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21
Q

Rumination

A

a deep or considered thought about something.

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22
Q

Rejection sensitivity

A

when you experience severe emotional pain because of a failure or feeling rejected

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23
Q

Cohort effect

A

variations over time, in one or more characteristics, among groups of individuals defined by some shared experience such as year or decade of birth, or years of a specific exposure.
- Ex. Gen Z, People who became parents the same year
- These groups may have increased chances of some mental illness

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24
Q

Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

A

encourage individuals with dysregulated mood to develop and maintain moderately active and consistent daily routines
- Ex. Sleep routines

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25
Family-Focused therapy
a psychoeducational treatment for patients with bipolar disorder focused on alleviation of mood symptoms, relapse prevention and enhanced psychosocial functioning
26
Suicide Cluster
2+ suicide attempts (successful or unsuccessful) occur together in space and/or time
27
Impulsivity
A problem with emotional or behavioral self-control.
28
Psychosis
a severe mental disorder in which thought, and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality
29
Schizophrenia spectrum
experience a range of often debilitating symptoms that may include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking, speech, and/or disorganized or unusual behavior.
30
Positive symptoms
any change in behavior or thoughts that ADDs something, such as hallucinations or delusions
31
Negative symptoms
here people appear to withdraw from the world around then, take no interest in everyday social interactions, and often appear emotionless and flat. TAKE AWAY something
32
Delusions of thought insertion
a delusion in which the individual believes that thoughts have been irresistibly forced into his or her mind and ascribes these thoughts to outside sources - Someone is making me think that
33
Formal thought disorder
an impaired capacity to sustain coherent discourse, and occurs in the patient's written or spoken language - Trouble speaking; ex. stuttering, disorganized thoughts
34
Restricted affect
lack of emotions
35
Avolition
lack of motivation
36
Prodromal symptoms
Low mood or mood swings, Increased anxiety., Sleep disturbances, unusual fatigue, Difficulties concentrating or focusing, Feeling suspicious (before acute phase)
37
Residual symptoms
Low mood or mood swings, Increased anxiety., Sleep disturbances, unusual fatigue, Difficulties concentrating or focusing, (after acute phase)
38
Phenothiazines
dopamine increasing drugs
39
Mesolimbic pathway
a dopaminergic pathway in the brain
40
Social drift
the downward mobility of an individual, in terms of the social scale, due to chronic illness; creating isolation
41
Tardive dyskinesia
a movement disorder that causes a range of repetitive muscle movements in the face, neck, arms and legs
42
Atypical antipsychotics
are a group of antipsychotic drugs largely introduced after the 1970s
43
Persistent depressive disorder
Similar symptoms of MDD but milder o Symptoms for over 2 years; no symptom- free period over months o Longer lasting but less disabling  “Chronic blueness”
44
Double Depression
MDD + persistent DD o Therapy term, not DSM diagnosis
45
MDD w/ Seasonal Pattern
o AKA Seasonal depression o More common in northern latitudes due to shorter days in winter o Less than 5% prevalence
46
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
o MDD with considerable physical symptoms pre-menses (e.g., breast tenderness, joint pain, irritability) o Less than 2% prevalence
47
Bipolar I Disorder
o Full manic and major depressive episodes  Most experience alternation of episodes  90% have future ones * Ex. Phone call from manic friend
48
Bipolar II Disorder
o Hypomanic and major depressive episodes - Often difficult to treat
49
Cyclothymic Disorder
o Similar symptoms to I and II but milder  Hypomania instead of manic episode  Dysthymia instead of depressive episode o Must be present for 2+ years with no symptom-free periods over 2 months
50
parasuicides
A supposed suicide attempt that was not intended to succeed
51
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Significantly injuring oneself without intention to die
52
Delusions
o Idea or belief held firmly despite evidence  Ex. persecution, reference, thought broadcasting
53
Hallucinations
o Can affect any of the senses  Auditory most common (75% of cases) o Video simulation
54
Heightened perceptions
Sounds louder, lights brighter, etc.
55
Neologism
 Creating new words  “this desk is cramstile”
56
Clang
 Rhyming speech  “Well, hell, it’s well to tell”
57
Catatonia
o Unresponsive to environment  Ex. Extreme form in stupor or waxy flexibility
58
Negative Symptoms (-)
- Restricted affect (emotions) - Loss of volition AKA avolition (motivation or directedness - Social withdrawal - Cognitive deficits
59
Cognitive deficits
o Problems with memory, attention, or processing speed  Ex. Student with delayed responses to simple questions
60
Brief psychotic disorder
- Presence of 1+ of the follow  Delusions  Hallucinations  Disorganized speech  Disorganized or catatonic behavior - Symptoms at least a day but less than a month - Eventual return to full baseline functioning - May occur in response to significant stressor - Similar to acute stress disorder and stress disorder’s relationship
61
Schizophreniform disorder
- Identical symptoms to schizophrenia, except o Symptoms at least 1 month but less than 6 months o Impaired social or occupational functioning not required (although may occur)
62
Schizoaffective disorder (schizophrenic & emotion)
- Meets criterion A for schizophrenic symptoms for one month - AND one or more of the following o Major depressive episode o Manic episode - Delusions or hallucinations for two weeks in absence of mood problems - 3x the risk of suicide vs schizophrenia only
63
Delusional disorder
1+ delusions for one month or longer - Does NOT meet other criteria for schizophrenia - Functioning not impaired o Ex. Extreme theorists
64
Erotomaniac delusions
belief that another person is in love with individual
65
Grandiose delusions
belief that they have inflated worth, power, knowledge, etc.
66
Jealous delusions
belief that individual’s sexual partner is unfaithful
67
Persecutory delusions
belief that person being treated poorly in some way- someone is out to get me
68
Somatic delusions
belief that has some physical defect or general medical condition
69
Schizotypal disorder
- Pattern of interpersonal problems, odd ways of thinking, perceiving and behavioral eccentricities - This started in childhood versus waking up one day with it o Ideas (not delusions) of reference o Odd beliefs or magical thinking o Odd thinking or speech o Bizarre affect o Lack of close friends

Abnormal Pysch (2 decks)

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