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Abnormal Pysch > Abnormal Psych Test 3 > Flashcards

Abnormal Psych Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Depressive disorders

A

a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest

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2
Q

What is the gender different in depressive disorder?

A

Women 2x as likely as men

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3
Q

Dysphoria

A

a state of unease or generalized dissatisfaction with life.

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4
Q

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A

a mental disorder characterized by a persistently depressed mood and long-term loss of pleasure or interest in life for AT LEAST 2 WEEKS

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5
Q

Seasonal affective disorder

A

A mood disorder characterized by depression that occurs at the same time every year

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6
Q

Peripartum onset

A

MDD symptoms that begin during pregnancy or within four weeks of delivery
- 30% of Women experience this
- 1 in 10 women experience it to the extent of an MDD

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7
Q

Persistent depressive disorder

A

a low mood occurring for at least two years, along with at least 2 other symptoms of depression
- Symptoms include sadness, loss of sleep, excessive hunger/fatigue

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8
Q

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

includes physical and behavioral symptoms that usually resolve with the onset of menstruation.

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9
Q

Disruptive mood disorder

A

a childhood condition of extreme irritability, anger, and frequent, intense temper outbursts

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10
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

a mental condition marked by alternating periods of elation and depression

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11
Q

Mania

A

mental illness marked by periods of great excitement or euphoria, delusions, and overactivity.

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12
Q

Bipolar I disorder

A

manic episodes that last at least 7 days (most of the day, nearly every day) or by manic symptoms that are so severe that the person needs immediate hospital care

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13
Q

Bipolar II disorder

A

It involves at least one depressive episode lasting at least two weeks and at least one hypomanic episode lasting at least four days.

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14
Q

Hypomania

A

periods of over-active and excited behavior that can have a significant impact on your day-to-day life

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15
Q

Cyclothymic disorder

A

A mood disorder that causes emotional highs and lows. At least 2-year periods

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16
Q

Rapid cycling bipolar disorder

A

a pattern of frequent, distinct episodes in bipolar disorder experiences four or more episodes of mania or depression in one year

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17
Q

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

A

an interactive neuroendocrine unit comprising of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands

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18
Q

Neuroinflammation

A

an inflammatory response within the brain or spinal cord

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19
Q

Learned helplessness

A

a state that occurs after a person has experienced a stressful situation repeatedly

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20
Q

Reformulated learned helplessness theory

A

individuals have habitual ways of explaining the stressors that occur in their lives

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21
Q

Rumination

A

a deep or considered thought about something.

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22
Q

Rejection sensitivity

A

when you experience severe emotional pain because of a failure or feeling rejected

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23
Q

Cohort effect

A

variations over time, in one or more characteristics, among groups of individuals defined by some shared experience such as year or decade of birth, or years of a specific exposure.
- Ex. Gen Z, People who became parents the same year
- These groups may have increased chances of some mental illness

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24
Q

Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

A

encourage individuals with dysregulated mood to develop and maintain moderately active and consistent daily routines
- Ex. Sleep routines

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25
Q

Family-Focused therapy

A

a psychoeducational treatment for patients with bipolar disorder focused on alleviation of mood symptoms, relapse prevention and enhanced psychosocial functioning

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26
Q

Suicide Cluster

A

2+ suicide attempts (successful or unsuccessful) occur together in space and/or time

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27
Q

Impulsivity

A

A problem with emotional or behavioral self-control.

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28
Q

Psychosis

A

a severe mental disorder in which thought, and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality

29
Q

Schizophrenia spectrum

A

experience a range of often debilitating symptoms that may include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking, speech, and/or disorganized or unusual behavior.

30
Q

Positive symptoms

A

any change in behavior or thoughts that ADDs something, such as hallucinations or delusions

31
Q

Negative symptoms

A

here people appear to withdraw from the world around then, take no interest in everyday social interactions, and often appear emotionless and flat. TAKE AWAY something

32
Q

Delusions of thought insertion

A

a delusion in which the individual believes that thoughts have been irresistibly forced into his or her mind and ascribes these thoughts to outside sources
- Someone is making me think that

33
Q

Formal thought disorder

A

an impaired capacity to sustain coherent discourse, and occurs in the patient’s written or spoken language
- Trouble speaking; ex. stuttering, disorganized thoughts

34
Q

Restricted affect

A

lack of emotions

35
Q

Avolition

A

lack of motivation

36
Q

Prodromal symptoms

A

Low mood or mood swings, Increased anxiety., Sleep disturbances, unusual fatigue, Difficulties concentrating or focusing, Feeling suspicious (before acute phase)

37
Q

Residual symptoms

A

Low mood or mood swings, Increased anxiety., Sleep disturbances, unusual fatigue, Difficulties concentrating or focusing, (after acute phase)

38
Q

Phenothiazines

A

dopamine increasing drugs

39
Q

Mesolimbic pathway

A

a dopaminergic pathway in the brain

40
Q

Social drift

A

the downward mobility of an individual, in terms of the social scale, due to chronic illness; creating isolation

41
Q

Tardive dyskinesia

A

a movement disorder that causes a range of repetitive muscle movements in the face, neck, arms and legs

42
Q

Atypical antipsychotics

A

are a group of antipsychotic drugs largely introduced after the 1970s

43
Q

Persistent depressive disorder

A

Similar symptoms of MDD but milder
o Symptoms for over 2 years; no symptom- free period over months
o Longer lasting but less disabling
 “Chronic blueness”

44
Q

Double Depression

A

MDD + persistent DD
o Therapy term, not DSM diagnosis

45
Q

MDD w/ Seasonal Pattern

A

o AKA Seasonal depression
o More common in northern latitudes due to shorter days in winter
o Less than 5% prevalence

46
Q

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

A

o MDD with considerable physical symptoms pre-menses (e.g., breast tenderness, joint pain, irritability)
o Less than 2% prevalence

47
Q

Bipolar I Disorder

A

o Full manic and major depressive episodes
 Most experience alternation of episodes
 90% have future ones
* Ex. Phone call from manic friend

48
Q

Bipolar II Disorder

A

o Hypomanic and major depressive episodes
- Often difficult to treat

49
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A

o Similar symptoms to I and II but milder
 Hypomania instead of manic episode
 Dysthymia instead of depressive episode
o Must be present for 2+ years with no symptom-free periods over 2 months

50
Q

parasuicides

A

A supposed suicide attempt that was not intended to succeed

51
Q

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

A

Significantly injuring oneself without intention to die

52
Q

Delusions

A

o Idea or belief held firmly despite evidence
 Ex. persecution, reference, thought broadcasting

53
Q

Hallucinations

A

o Can affect any of the senses
 Auditory most common (75% of cases)
o Video simulation

54
Q

Heightened perceptions

A

Sounds louder, lights brighter, etc.

55
Q

Neologism

A

 Creating new words
 “this desk is cramstile”

56
Q

Clang

A

 Rhyming speech
 “Well, hell, it’s well to tell”

57
Q

Catatonia

A

o Unresponsive to environment
 Ex. Extreme form in stupor or waxy flexibility

58
Q

Negative Symptoms (-)

A
  • Restricted affect (emotions)
  • Loss of volition AKA avolition (motivation or directedness
  • Social withdrawal
  • Cognitive deficits
59
Q

Cognitive deficits

A

o Problems with memory, attention, or processing speed
 Ex. Student with delayed responses to simple questions

60
Q

Brief psychotic disorder

A
  • Presence of 1+ of the follow
     Delusions
     Hallucinations
     Disorganized speech
     Disorganized or catatonic behavior
  • Symptoms at least a day but less than a month
  • Eventual return to full baseline functioning
  • May occur in response to significant stressor
  • Similar to acute stress disorder and stress disorder’s relationship
61
Q

Schizophreniform disorder

A
  • Identical symptoms to schizophrenia, except
    o Symptoms at least 1 month but less than 6 months
    o Impaired social or occupational functioning not required (although may occur)
62
Q

Schizoaffective disorder (schizophrenic & emotion)

A
  • Meets criterion A for schizophrenic symptoms for one month
  • AND one or more of the following
    o Major depressive episode
    o Manic episode
  • Delusions or hallucinations for two weeks in absence of mood problems
  • 3x the risk of suicide vs schizophrenia only
63
Q

Delusional disorder

A

1+ delusions for one month or longer
- Does NOT meet other criteria for schizophrenia
- Functioning not impaired
o Ex. Extreme theorists

64
Q

Erotomaniac delusions

A

belief that another person is in love with individual

65
Q

Grandiose delusions

A

belief that they have inflated worth, power, knowledge, etc.

66
Q

Jealous delusions

A

belief that individual’s sexual partner is unfaithful

67
Q

Persecutory delusions

A

belief that person being treated poorly in some way- someone is out to get me

68
Q

Somatic delusions

A

belief that has some physical defect or general medical condition

69
Q

Schizotypal disorder

A
  • Pattern of interpersonal problems, odd ways of thinking, perceiving and behavioral eccentricities
  • This started in childhood versus waking up one day with it
    o Ideas (not delusions) of reference
    o Odd beliefs or magical thinking
    o Odd thinking or speech
    o Bizarre affect
    o Lack of close friends

Abnormal Pysch (2 decks)

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