Abnormal Development Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of Disability
A
A physical or mental impairment that has a long-term and substantial negative effect on ability to do normal day activities (Equalities Act, 2010)
2
Q
Statistics
A
- An estimated 93 million 0-14 year olds have moderate and severe difficulties
- An estimated 200 million children under age 5 fail to reach their potential in cognitive and social- emotional development
- Poverty is a significant factor
- Cost of disability in UK is estimated at 11-69% of income (WHO)
3
Q
Causes
A
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- Deprivation
- Chronic illness
- Neuro- metabolic conditions
- Prematurity
- Perinatal insults
- Trauma
- Syndromes
4
Q
Global Developmental Delay
A
Is typically diagnosed when a children is delayed in at least 2 areas of development
Can be caused by chormosonal or gentic disorders, abnormalities with the structure and/or development of the brain or spinal cord, or the result of prematurity or infections
5
Q
Cerebral Palsy
A
- A non-progressive neurological condition that results in functional limitations to movement an co-ordination
- Specifically caused by problems with the cerebral cortex- part of the brain responsible for muscle control
- Varies in severity
- 4 main types: 1) Ataxia 2) Spastic 3) Dyskintetic 4) Non-classified
- Causes- infection during pregnancy, premature birth, bleeding in the brain, mutation of genes that code for brain development
(cerebralpalsy. org, National Institute for Neurological Disorders)
6
Q
Autistic Spectrum Disorder
A
- Affects 1 in 100
- Umbrella term used to group several disorders, including Autism, Asperger’s, Retts Syndrome and childhood dis-integrative disorder
- Measured on a spectrum because of varied severity and symptoms
- 50% of people with ASD have a severe learning difficulty
7
Q
ADHD
A
- Stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Affects 5% of the population
- Characterised by hyperactivity, impulsivity and reduced attention span
