ABG's

Question 1

What is a normal pH

Answer 1

(A)7.35-7.45(B)

Question 2

what is a normal PaCO2

Answer 2

(B)35-45(A)

Question 3

What is a normal HCO3

Answer 3

(A)22-26(B)

Question 4

what is a primary event

Answer 4

problem that initiates the acid-base imbalance ( hypoventilation, hyperventilation, vomiting, diarrhea)

Question 5

HCO3 is

Answer 5

metabolic

the problem is metabolic in nature

Question 6

PaCO2 is

Answer 6

respiratory

Question 7

types of imbalances: respiratory acidosis/alkalosis

Answer 7

increase or decrease in CO2, changes in ventilation

Question 8

types of imbalances: metabolic acidosis/alkalosis

Answer 8

changes in hydrogen or bicarb ions

Question 9

what does rome stand for?

Answer 9

respiratory opposite, metabolic equal

Question 10

respiratory acidosis

Answer 10

pH low, PCO2 high

Question 11

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 11

pH high, PCO2 low

Question 12

metabolic acidosis

Answer 12

pH low and HCO3 low

Question 13

metabolic alkalosis

Answer 13

Ph high and HCO3 high

to much baking soda or alka-seltzer, prolonged vomiting, NG tube, diuretics

Question 14

causes of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 14

to much baking soda or alka-seltzer, prolonged vomiting, NG tube, diuretics

Question 15

clinical manifestations of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 15

CNS over excitability
confusion
tremors
muscle cramps
paraesthesias
coma
n/v/d
respiratory depression

Question 16

causes of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 16

hyperventilation
panic attack
fevers
sepsis
meds
CNS lesions
ventilator settings

Question 17

clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 17

CNS over excitability, tachypnea, light headedness, confusion, blurred vision, paresthesia, hyperactive reflexes,coma

Question 18

causes of respiratory acidosis

Answer 18

CNS depression, hypoventilation, shallow respirations, loc, stupor, coma

Question 19

clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis

Answer 19

cardiopulmonary arrest, head injury, narcotics/sedatives, anesthesia, COPD, pain, abdominal distension

Question 20

s/s of metabolic acidosis

Answer 20

deep breathing, kussmaul respirations

(DKA), fatigue, drowsiness, confusion, tremors, muscle cramps, parethesias, hypotension

Question 21

common causes of metabolic acidosis

Answer 21

renal failure, fistulas, DM, prolonged diarrhea, starvation, shock and cardiac arrest

Question 22

in respiratory acidosis/alkalosis the kidneys compensate by either

Answer 22

conserving (reabsorbing HCO3 or excreting HCO3

can take hours to days to compensate

Question 23

in metabolic acidosis/alkalosis the lungs compensate by either

Answer 23

conserving CO2 or excreting CO2

can take minutes to hours