ABG analysis Flashcards
1
Q
pH values
A
normal = 7.35 - 7.45 alkalemia > 7.45 - caused by alkalosis acidemia < 7.35 - caused by acidosis
2
Q
PaO2
A
normal > 80 mmHg
hypoxia < 80 mmHg
3
Q
PaCO2
A
normal = 35 - 45 mmHg
hypercapnia >50 mmHg
4
Q
HCO3 level
A
bicarbonate normal = 22 - 28 mEq/liter
5
Q
Buffer systems
A
1) blood buffers: hemoglobin
2) respiratory system
3) renal system
6
Q
hyperventilation
A
decreases PaCO2, increases pH
7
Q
hypoventilation
A
increases PaCO2, decreases pH
8
Q
alkalemia
A
if HCO3 > 28 then increase pH
9
Q
acidemia
A
if HCO3 < 22 then decrease pH
10
Q
steps in ABG analysis
A
1) pH value
2) nature of primary disorder
3) adequacy of ventilation
4) extent of compensation
5) oxygenation status
11
Q
respiratory alkalosis
A
increased pH, decreased PaCO2
12
Q
respiratory acidosis
A
decreased pH, increased PaCO2
13
Q
metabolic acidosis
A
low pH and low HCO3
14
Q
metabolic alkalosis
A
high pH and high HCO3
15
Q
extent of compensation
A
compensated partially compensated uncompensated acute = if pH farther from normal chronic = if pH closer to normal
