ABG

Question 1

One of the most commonly used tests to measure oxygenation and blood acid levels, two important measures of a patient’s clinical status and correct interpretation can lead to quicker and more accurate changes in the plan of care

Answer 1

Arterial Blood Gases (ABG)

Question 2

A blood test that measures the acidity, or pH, and the levels of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from an artery.

Answer 2

ABG

Question 3

The test used to check the function of the patient’s lungs and how well they are able to move oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide.

Answer 3

ABG

Question 4

measure the dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in the arterial blood.

Answer 4

ABG

Question 5

Test performed to ensure the hand has adequate collateral blood flow

Answer 5

Allen’s Test

Question 6

Normal Value of pH

Answer 6

7.35 - 7.45

Question 7

> 7.45

Answer 7

Alkalemia

Question 8

<7.35

Answer 8

Acidemia

Question 9

Normal value of PaO2

Answer 9

80-100 mmHg

Question 10

> 100 mmHg

Answer 10

Hyperoxia

Question 11

<80 mmHg

Answer 11

Hypoxemia

Question 12

Normal percentage of SaO2

Answer 12

96-100%

Question 13

Normal value of PaCO2

Answer 13

35-45 mmHg

Question 14

> 45 mmHg

Answer 14

Hypercapnia

Question 15

<35

Answer 15

Hypocapnia

Question 16

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in blood

Answer 16

PaCO2

Question 17

Percentage of O2 bound to hemoglobin

Answer 17

SaO2

Question 18

Parameter for SaO2 and PaCO2

Answer 18

Ventilation

Question 19

Parameter for pH

Answer 19

Acid-Base balance

Question 20

Parameter for PaO2

Answer 20

Oxygenation

Question 21

Partial pressure of dissolved O2 in blood

Answer 21

PaO2

Question 22

Hydrogen ion concentration

Answer 22

pH

Question 23

Indicates the amount of oxygen available to bind with hemoglobin

Answer 23

PaO2

Question 24

<40 mmHg

Answer 24

Life threatening and requires immediate action

Question 25

Mean of pH

Answer 25

7.40

Question 26

If <7.40 but not <7.35

Answer 26

Acid side of the mean

Question 27

If >7.40 but not >7.45

Answer 27

Alkaline side of the mean

Question 28

<7..35: acidemia

Answer 28

Acidosis

Question 29

> 7.45: alkalemia

Answer 29

Alkalosis

Question 30

Indicates whether the patient can ventilate well enough to rid the body of the carbon dioxide produced as a consequence of metabolism

Answer 30

PaCO2

Question 31

> 45 mmHg: respiratory acidosis

Answer 31

Alveoli hypoventilation

Question 32

> 45mmHg: respiratory acidosis results from:

Answer 32

C OPD
O versedation
H ead trauma
A nesthesia/drug overdose
N euromuscular impairment
I nadequate ventilation with mechanical ventilator

Question 33

<35mmHg: respiratory alkalosis results from:

Answer 33

H ypoxia
A nxiety
P ulmonary embolism
P regnancy
O ver ventilation with mech vent
C ompensatory mechanism to metabolic acidosis

Question 34

• Acid-base components that reflects kidney function
• reduced or increased in the plasma by renal mechanism

Answer 34

HCO3

Question 35

<22mEq/L

Answer 35

Metabolic acidosis

Question 36

> 26mEq/L

Answer 36

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 37

Normal value of HCO3

Answer 37

22-26mEq/L

Question 38

Metabic acidosis results from

Answer 38

K etoacidosis
L actic acidosis
R enal failure
D iarrhea

Question 39

Metabolic alkalosis results from

Answer 39

F luid loss from UGIT
D iuretic therapy
S evere hypokalemia
A lkali administration
S teroid therapy

Question 40

Goals of ABG Analysis

Answer 40

With the given values, we need to determine if the interpretation is:

1. Acidosis / Alkalosis
2. Metabolic / Respiratory
3. Fully Compensated / Partially Compensated / Uncompensated

Question 41

The best and fun way in interpreting ABG is __.

Answer 41

Tic tac toe method

Question 42

Fully Compensated if…

Answer 42

pH is normal

Question 43

Partially Compensated if…

Answer 43

All three values are abnormal

Question 44

Uncompensated if…

Answer 44

PaCO2 or HCO3 is normal and the other is abnormal