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abdominal wall and inguinal region Flashcards

1
Q

xiphoid

A

TV10

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2
Q

transtubercular line

A

through iliac crest @ LV5

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3
Q

subcostal line

A

LV3

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4
Q

umbilicus

A

LV3/4

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5
Q

transpyloric plane

A

LV1

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6
Q

supracristal plane

A

LV4

stay below this for spinal tap

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7
Q

trasumbilical line

A

LV3/4

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8
Q

transtubercular plane

A

LV5

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9
Q

interspinous plane

A

SV1

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10
Q

anterolateral abdominal wall- bones

A

LV1-5
ribs 7-12
pelvic girdle

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11
Q

anterolateral abdominal wall- superficial fascia

A

superficial fatty later (campers fascia)

deeper membranous layer (scarpa’s fascia)

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12
Q

scarpa’s fascia

A

continuous with colles and dartos’s fascia of perinerum
attaches to iliac crest, fascia lata below ingunal ligament, and pubic tubercle
the fundiform ligament is a specialization of scarps’s fascia

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13
Q

deeper fascias

A

transversalis fascia- lines all abdominal cavity deep to m layer
suberserous fascia- loose fatty CT btwn transversalis fascia and peritoneum
extraperitonal fat
peritoneum- serous membrane lines abdominopelvic cavity

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14
Q

external abdominal oblique

A

outer surfaces of ribs 5-12
anterior iliac crest via external abdominal oblique aponerosis attaching to linea alba from xiphoid to pubic symphysis
flexion of vertebral column and pelvis
compression ans support of abdominal viscera, unilateral lateral flexion and rotation to opposite side
intercostals, subcostal, and iliohypogastric

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15
Q

internal abdominal oblique

A

thoracolumbar fasica, anterior iliac crest, lateral inguinal ligament
inferior borders of ribs 9-12 via internal abdominal oblique aponeruosis to linea alba from xiphoid to pubic symphysis
flexion of VC and pelvis, compression and support of abdominal viscera, unilateral lateral flexion and same side rotation
intercostals, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal
inferior fibers five rise to cremaster mm

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16
Q

transversus abdominis

A

inner surface ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, anterior iliac crest, lateral inguinal ligament
via aponerosis to linea alba
compression and support of abdominal viscera
intercostals, subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

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17
Q

rectus abdominis

A

pubic symphysis and pubic crest
costal cartilage 5-7, xiphoid process
flexion of VC and pelvis
ventral rami T6-T12 (intercostals, subcostal)
tendinous intersections 3-4 attachements of rectus abdominis to rectus sheath

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18
Q

pyramidalis

A

pubic bone, anterior to recuts abdominis
linea alba
tenses linea alba
subcostal n

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19
Q

rectus sheath- above arcuate line

A

internal abdominal oblique aponeruosis splits into anterior and posterior laminae
anterior layer composed external and internal abdominal oblique aponeroses
posterior layer composed of internal abdominal oblique and transverus abdominis aponeruoses

20
Q

rectus sheath- below arcuate line

A

all 3 muscle aponeuoses pass anteriorly to rectus abdominis with the posterior composed only of tranversalis fascia

21
Q

supravesical fossa

A

btwn median and medial umbilical folds

supravesical hernias

22
Q

medial inguinal fossa

A

btwn medial and lateral umbilical folds

site of direct inguinal hernias

23
Q

lateral inguinal fossa

A

lateral to umbilical fold

indirect inguinal hernias

24
Q

dermatomes

A

T7-L1
T10- umbilicus
L1- iliac crest, ASIS, inguinal region, anterior scrotum/labia majora

25
thoracoabdominal and subcostal nn
T7-T12
26
iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal
L1
27
musculophrenic a
terminal brr of internal thoracic a
28
superior epigastric
terminal brr of internal thoracic a btwn rectus abdominis and posterior layer of rectus sheath anastomose with inferior epigastric a
29
inferior epigastric
brr of external iliac a given off medial to deep inguinal ring ascends along anterior body wall covered with peritoneum to form the lateral umbilical fold pierces posterior rectus sheath to anastomose with superior epigastric aa
30
superficial vv drain to
axillary v via lateral thoracic v internal thoracic v via musculophrenic and superior epigastric vv femoral v via superficial epigastric and superficial circumflex iliac vv a portal-caval anastomosis exists amongst vessels around umbilicus throacoepigastric v is a venous anatomosis btwn lateral thoracic v and the superficial epigastric v, can be bipass if IVC blocked
31
deep vv drain to
internal thoracic v via musculophrenic and superior epigastric v external iliac v via inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac IVC via lumbar vv azygous v via posterior intercostals and subcostal vv
32
superficial lymphatics
courses with subcutanous vv superior to transumbilical plane -> axillary and parasternal nodes inferiro to transumbilical plane -> superficial inguinal nodes
33
deep lymphatics
course w/deep vessels to external iliac nodes via channels ll to inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac to lumbar nodes via channels ll to lumbar vessels to parasternal nodes via channels ll to superior epigastric vessels
34
lacunar ligament
medial fibers of inguinal ligament which attach lateral to pubic tubercle, cresent shaped ligament forms medial border of femoral canal
35
pectineal ligament
lateral continuation of lacunar ligament fibers attaching to pectineal line of superior pubic ramus
36
reflected ligament
continuation of superomedial fibers of inguinal ligament which attach to linea alba
37
deep inguinal ring
entrance to inguinal canal from abdominal cavity formed as evagination in transversis fascia lateral to inferior epigastric arteries direct hernias
38
superficial inguinal ring
exit from inguinal canal into scrotum/labia majora formed from split in fibers of external abdominal oblique aponeruosis lateral crus- attached to pubic tubercle medial crus- attaced to pubic crest intercural fibers
39
boundaries of inguinal canal
anterior- external oblique aponeruosis floor- inguinal ligament roof- internal oblique and transversus abdominis posterior- transversalis fascia laterally, reinforced medially by conjoint tendon
40
conjoint tendon
falx inguinalis composed of inferior most fibers of internal and transversus abdominis mm attached to pubic bone and posterior to superficial inguinal opening
41
contents of inguinal canal- male
spermatic cors, ilioinguinal n, genital brr of genitofemoral n
42
contents of spermatic cord
``` dcutus deferens testicular a artery of ductus deferens pampiniform plexus of vv autonomic and lymp to testes ```
43
coverings of testes/spermatic cord
skin dartos fascia= superficial fascia of abdominal wall external spermatic fascia= external abdominal oblique aponeruosis cremaster m and fascia = internal abdominal oblique m internal spermatic fascia= transversalis fascia tunica vaginalis- evagination of periotneum
44
contents of inguinal canal female
round ligament of uterus ilioinguinal n genital brr of genitofemoral n
45
canal of nuck
rare condition where tunica vaginalis fails to close in females forming a pouch which may contain a cyst
46
indirect hernia
2/3 of all inguinal hernias more common in males on right side congenital- failure of porximal processus vaginalis to close occur in lateral inguinal fossa, lateral to inferior epigastirc vessels herniates material passes through deep inguinal ring into inguinal canal may extend into scrotum
47
direct hernia
1/3 of inguinal hernias more common in males acquired, caused by weakness in anterior body wall posterior to superficial inguinal ring conjoint tendon provides natural protection against hernias occur in medial inguinal fossa (hesselsbachs triangle) medial to inferior epigastirc vessels do not extend into scrotum

GI (14 decks)

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