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Gross Anatomy > Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Rectus abdominis Origin (lateral and medial head)

A

Lateral Head: Crest of pubis to pubic tubercle

Medial Head: Anterior region of pubic symphysis

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2
Q

Rectus abdominis insertion

A

Cartilages of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process of sternum

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3
Q

Rectus abdominis innervation

A

Intercostal n. T5-T12

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4
Q

Rectus abdominis action

A

flexes trunk, compresses abdomen, stabilizes pelvis

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5
Q

External oblique origin

A

ribs 5 to 12

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6
Q

external oblique insertion

A

linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior iliac crest

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7
Q

External oblique innervation

A

Intercostal n. T7-T12

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8
Q

External and Internal Oblique Action

A

Unilateral: bends trunk to same side, rotates trunk to opposite side

Bilateral: Flexes trunk, compresses abdomen, stabilizes pelvis

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9
Q

Internal oblique origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia (deep), iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, iliopsoas fascia

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10
Q

Internal oblique insertion

A

Ribs 10-12 (lower borders), linea alba

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11
Q

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis innervation

A

Intercostal n. T7-T12
iliohypogastric n.
ilioinguinal

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12
Q

Transversus abdominis origin

A

costal cartilage 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia (deep), iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, iliopsoas fascia

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13
Q

Transversus abdominis insertion

A

linea alba, pubic crest

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14
Q

Transversus abdominis action

A

Unilateral: Rotates trunk to same side

Bilateral: compresses abdomen

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15
Q

Psoas major superficial layer origin

A

T12-L4 vertebral bodies and associated intervertebral disks

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16
Q

Psoas major deep layer origin

A

L1-L5

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17
Q

Psoas major, minor, and iliacus common insertion

A

Lesser trochanter of femur, joint insertion as iliopsoas muscle

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18
Q

Psoas Major innervation

A

Direct branches from lumbar plexus L2-L4

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19
Q

Psoas Major action

A

Hip Joint: Flexion and external rotation of lumbar spine (with femur fixed)
Unilateral: Contraction bends trunk laterally
Bilateral: Contraction raises trunk from supine position

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20
Q

Psoas minor origin

A

T12, L1 vertebrae and intervertebral disk

21
Q

Psoas minor innervation

A

Direct branches from lumbar plexus L2-L4

22
Q

Iliacus origin

A

iliac fossa

23
Q

iliacus innervation

A

Femoral n. L2-L4

24
Q

Quadratus lumborum origin

A

Iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament

25
Q

Quadratus lumborum insertion

A

12th rib, transverse processes of L1-L4 vertebrae

26
Q

Quadratus lumborum innervation

A

T12, L1-L4 spinal n.

27
Q

Quadratus lumborum action

A

Unilateral: bends trunk to same side

Bilateral: Bearing down and expiration, stabilizes 12th rib

28
Q

diaphragm costal part origin

A

ribs 7-12 (inner surface; lower margin of costal arch)

29
Q

Diaphragm lumbar part origin

A

Medial part: L1-L3 vertebral bodies, intervertebral disks, and anterior longitudinal ligament as right and left crura

Lateral part: lateral and medial arcuate ligaments

30
Q

Diaphragm sternal part origin

A

Xiphoid process (posterior surface)

31
Q

Diaphragm insertion

A

Central tendon

32
Q

Diaphragm innervation

A

Phrenic n. C3,4,5

33
Q

Diaphragm action

A

Main muscle in respiration; aids in compressing abdominal viscera

34
Q

Superficial transverse perineal origin

A

Ischial ramus

35
Q

Superficial transverse perineal insertion

A

Perineal body

36
Q

Superficial transverse perineal action

A

holds the pelvic organs in place, closes the urethra

37
Q

External anal sphincter origin/ insertion

A

encircles anus (runs posteriorly from perineal body to anococcygeal ligament

38
Q

External anal sphincter action

A

closes anus

39
Q

External urethral sphincter origin/insertion

A

encircles urethra (division of deep transverse perineal muscle)

40
Q

External urethral sphincter action

A

closes urethra

41
Q

Bulbospongiosus origin/insertion

A

Runs anteriorly from perineal body to clitoris or penile raphe

42
Q

Bulbospongiosus action

A

females: compresses greater vestibular gland
males: assists in erection

43
Q

Ischiocavernous origin

A

Ischial ramus

44
Q

Ischiocavernous insertion

A

Crus of clitoris or penis

45
Q

Ischiocavernous action

A

Maintains erection by squeezing blood into corpus cavernosum of clitoris or penis

46
Q

Superficial/Deep transverse perineal, external anal/urethral sphincter, bulbospongiosus, and ischiocavernous innervation

A

Pudendal n. S2-S4

47
Q

Iliacus action

A

Flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint; acts w/ psoas major

48
Q

Psoas minor action

A

weak trunk flexor

49
Q

Psoas minor insertion

A

Pecten pubis, iliopubic ramus, iliac fascia, lowermost fibers may reach inguinal ligament

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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