abdominal wall Flashcards
at what level is the umbilicus
L3 and L4
how many regions and what divides them
mid clavicular plan right and left, superior at subcostal plane and the inferiorly at intertubucular plane.
what are the boundaries of the anterior abdominal cavity
costal arch ribs 6-10 and xyphoid procces to the illiac crest and the inguinal ligament
what is the pectineal line
the ridge that goes from the pubic tubercle to the sacrum
what are the functions of the abdominal wall
protect and stabliazation of abdominal contents, trunk rotation and flextion, maintain conttal of the intra abdominal pressure for parturition and defecation, and respiration because it opposes the diaphram during exhalation
what are the layers of the abdominal wall
skin, campers fat with nerves and blood, scarpas is membranous, musclular, transveralsis fascia and peritoneum
between what two layers of the antior abdominal wall is there potential space
between scarpas and the external oblique.
tell me about the external oblique
origin ribs 5-12 insertion at the linea alba pubic tubercle and anterior half of iliac crest.
tell me about the internal oblique
origin thoracolumbar fascia antior two thirds of the iliac crest and lateral half of the inguinal ligament insertion ribs 10-12 bottom border, linea alba, pecten pubis via conjoint tendon.
tell me about the transverus abdominus
origin internal surface of ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lateral third of inguinal ligament, insertion linea alba aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest, and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon,
tell me about the rectus abdominis
pubic origin symphysis and pubic crest insertion xyphoid process and costal cartilage from ribs 5-7
what is the arcuate line
it demarcates the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheet where the inferior epigastric artierier perforate the abdomin. Below is where hernias are more common less protection.
what is the falciform ligament a remnant of
ventral messentary
what is the round ligament a remenent of
the umbilicus and it attaches to the falsiform ligament
what are the umbilical folds and what are they from
median, urachus and paraumbilical veins, the medial umbilical artery, lateral inferior epigastrics
what innervates the abdominal muscles and the skin of the body wall
the intercostal nerves t6-12 that become the thoracoabdominal nerves as they cross the costal cartilage
tell me about the illiohypogastric nerve
comes out from L1 and innervates muscle and skin over the inguinal region
tell me abou the the illioinguinal nerve
come out of L1 innervates some abdominal muscles travesl through superficial inguinal ring but not the canal and sends out the antior scrotal in males and labial in females and some branches to the supermeidal aspect of the thigh.
tell me about the genital femoral branches
from L1 and L2 PIERCES the PSOAS muslces, supplies the cremasters muscles by passing through the extrnal oblique and sensory to the scrotum and in femals the labia majora and mons pubis
where does the musculophranic comes from
sublclavian internal thoracic here then it anastomoses with superficial epigastric superficial illiac circuflex and lumbar arteries
Superior Epigastric
Off internal thoracic, anastomoses with inferior epigastric
Posterior intercostal vessels
Come from T10-T11
Inferior epigastric – supplies what?
Cremaster branches from inferior epigastric, goes inside inguinal canal
Deep circumflex iliac
Branch off of external iliac, arises lateral to inferior epigastric and then wraps around the ody wall above the iliac crest
