Abdominal Vessels Flashcards
What area does the celiac trunk supply?
All foregut organs.
What does the Superior mesenteric artery supply?
All midgut organs.
What does the Inferior mesenteric artery supply?
All hindgut organs.
What separates the midgut from the hindgut?
Splenic flexture.
What composes the foregut?
Distal Esophagus
Stomach
First half of Duodenum
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Spleen
What are the big 3 branches of the celiac trunk?
L gastric artery
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery
What does the splenic artery branch to?
Pancreatic arteries
Left gastro-omental artery
Note: It heads to the left, which is the pancreas and spleen.
What does the common hepatic artery branch to?
Proper hepatic artery
R Gastric artery
Gastroduodenal artery
What does the proper hepatic artery branch to?
First, it branches to make the Right hepatic artery, then makes the left hepatic artery.
What does the right hepatic artery branch to?
The cystic artery.
Note: The gallbladder is more on the right side of the liver.
What does the left hepatic artery branch to?
Nothing! :)
What does the R gastric artery branch to?
The R gastric artery connect to the L gastric artery.
They are both found along the LESSER curvature of the stomach.
What does the gastroduodenal artery branch to?
R gastro-OMENTAL artery
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
posterior and anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
posterior and anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal.
What does the R gastro-omental artery branch to?
It connects to the L gastro-omental artery
They are both found along the GREATER curvature of the stomach, which also has the GREATER omentum.
Note:
All gastric/gastro arteries extend little branches into the stomach.
What does the splenic artery branch to?
Pancreatic arteries:
Posterior/dorsal pancreatic artery
Greater pancreatic artery
Artery to tail of the pancreas
L gastro-omental artery
How do I locate the cystic artery?
Triangle of Calot
Inferior border of the liver
Cystic duct
Common hepatic duct
What composes the midgut?
Distal half of the duodenum
Ileum
Jejunum
Appendix
Cecum
Ascending colon
transverse colon
DIJA CAT
What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Middle colic artery
Jejunal arteries
Right colic artery
Ileocolic artery
Ileal arteries
What are the differences between the jejunal arteries and the ileal arteries?
Jejunal have less complex arcades, with extremely long vasa recta.
Ileal have complex arcades and short vasa recta.
What is the appendicular artery a branch of?
The ileocolic artery
What is the marginal artery (of drummond)?
Anastamoses between the left and middle colic arteries.
It connects the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries as a result.
It is found primarily at the splenic flexture, supplying blood to the transverse and descending colon.
What composes the hindgut?
Distal half of transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Proximal 1/3 of rectum
colon colon colon rectum
What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
L colic artery
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal artery
What veins drain to the hepatic portal vein?
Gastric veins (R & L)
R gastro-omental vein
Superior pancreaticoduodenal vein
Splenic vein
Superior mesenteric vein
What are the branches of the superior mesenteric vein?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein
Jejunal and ileal veins
Ileocolic veins
Right colic vein
Middle colic vein
What are the branches of the splenic vein?
L gastro-omental vein
Inferior mesenteric vein
What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric vein?
Left colic vein
Sigmoid veins
Superior rectal vein
What veins drain straight to the IVC?
Paraumbilical veins
Esophageal veins (via azygos)
Body wall veins
Middle and inferior rectal veins (drain to internal iliac)
Hepatic veins
What kind of esophageal condition can occur due to liver cirrhosis?
Esophageal varices
What condition is caused by excessive portal hypertension?
Varicose veins in the abdomen, such as the thoracoepigastric veins popping out and caput medusae (distended and engorged paraumbilical veins)
Where does lymph from the foregut tend to drain to?
Celiac lymph nodes.
Where can lymph from the liver drain to?
Diaphragmatic lymph nodes
Hepatic vein/IVC lymph nodes
What is the lymph plexus of the liver called? Why is it significant?
Subcapsular lymph plexus.
Majority of intraperitoneal drugs are absorbed here.
Portal hypertension, cirrhosis, and HF causes this area to leak fluid into the abdomen, which is ascites.
Where does the lymph from the body and tail of the pancreas drain to?
Lymph nodes along the splenic artery.
Where does lymph from the head of the pancreas drain to?
Celiac and/or superior mesenteric lymph nodes.
Where does lymph from the SI go to?
It goes to the various mesenteric lymph nodes, before congregating at the superior mesenteric lymph nodes.
Where does lymph from the LI go to?
Paracolic nodes along the colon and mesenteric lymph nodes, which will all go to the inferior mesenteric lymph nodes.
What is the general path of lymph from the abdominal viscera?
Hindgut organs go to inferior mesenteric.
Inferior mesenteric combines to superior mesenteric.
Midgut organs go to superior mesenteric.
Superior mesenteric goes to celiac nodes.
Foregut organs go to celiac nodes.
Celiac nodes go to the cisterna chyli.
Lumbar nodes go to the cisterna chyli.
Cisterna chyli goes to thoracic duct, which goes to L subclavian.
What are the paired branches of the abdominal aorta?
Inferior phrenic arteries
Renal arteries
Lumbar segmental arteries
Gonadal arteries
Common iliac arteries
Special: Median sacral artery (unpaired)
What is the branch of the inferior phrenic arteries?
Superior suprarenal arteries.
What are the branches of the renal arteries?
Middle suprarenal artery
Inferior suprarenal artery
Ureteric artery
What are the branches of the common iliac arteries?
Internal iliac arteries
External iliac arteries
What are the veins that drain to the IVC directly?
Hepatic veins
Inferior phrenic veins
R suprarenal vein
R renal vein
L renal vein
R gonadal vein
Lumbar segmental veins
Median sacral vein
Common iliac veins
