Abdominal structures

Question 1

what are the names of the two body cavities?

Answer 1

dorsal and ventral

Question 2

what makes up the dorsal cavity?

Answer 2

cranial cavity and the spinal canal

Question 3

what makes up the ventral cavity?

Answer 3

the anterior side of the body. it is split up between the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavity.

Question 4

what separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 4

the diaphragm

Question 5

what is located inside of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 5

lung, heart, thymus gland, esophagus, and trachea

Question 6

what are four visceral organs within the abdominal cavity?

Answer 6

• liver
• gallbladder
• spleen
• pancreas
• kidneys
• stomach
• small intestines
• part of the large intestine

Question 7

what muscles support the abdominal wall?

Answer 7

Latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, rectus abdominis, pectoralis major, external oblique, and pyramidalis

Question 8

define linea alba

Answer 8

linea alba is a fibrous band that stretches from the xiphoid process and the symphysis pubis

Question 9

the pelvis is divided into what two areas?

Answer 9

the true pelvis and the false pelvis

Question 10

what organs are in the true pelvis?

Answer 10

bladder, colon, and reproductive organs

Question 11

what is the space anterior to the uterus called?

Answer 11

uterovesical space

Question 12

what is the space posterior to the uterus called?

Answer 12

recto-uterine pouch, or pouch of Douglas

Question 13

what muscles make up the pelvic floor?

Answer 13

levator anti muscles, and the pubococcygeus

Question 14

name the three muscles that form the levator ani muscles

Answer 14

puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus muscles

Question 15

what is the peritoneum?

Answer 15

the peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity and clothes the abdominal viscera. it is formed by a single layer of cells called mesothelium.

Question 16

where is the peritoneum located?

Answer 16

the peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity in two layers: the visceral and parietal layer

Question 17

what is the space between the visceral and parietal layer called?

Answer 17

peritoneal cavity

Question 18

what is it called when fluid forms within the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 18

ascites

Question 19

what is the mesentery and where is it located?

Answer 19

the mesentery is a two-layered fold in the peritoneum. it attaches part of the intestines to the posterior portion of the abdominal wall.

Question 20

what is the omentum and where is it located?

Answer 20

the omentum is a two-layered fold in the peritoneum that attaches the stomach to another viscous organ.

Question 21

what is the greater omenutm?

Answer 21

the greater omentum is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach

Question 22

what is the lesser omentum?

Answer 22

the lesser omentum slings the lesser curvature of the stomach to the undersurface of the liver.

Question 23

what is the falciform ligament?

Answer 23

the falciform ligament attaches to the liver to the anterior wall of the abdomen, and to the undersurface of the diaphragm

Question 24

what is the ligamentum teres?

Answer 24

a fibrous cord that allows stability for the liver by attaching to the peritoneum

Question 25

define retroperitoneum

Answer 25

the area between the posterior portion of the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall muscles.

Question 26

what are the organs in the retroperitoneal cavity?

Answer 26

The retroperitoneal cavity consists of the kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, pancreas, aorta, inferior vena cava, bladder, uterus, prostate gland, ascending colon, descending colon, and most of the duodenum.

Question 27

what organs are in the peritoneum?

Answer 27

The stomach, spleen, liver, parts of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, and sigmoid colon are all located inside of the peritoneum.

Question 28

where is Morison’s pouch located?

Answer 28

among the right lobe of the liver, the right kidney, and the right colic flexure