abdominal parenchymal organs

Question 1

ionizing imaging modalities

Answer 1

• x-ray
• CT
• PET-CT
• angiography (DSA)
• PTC (Precutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography)

Question 2

non-ionizing imaging modalities

Answer 2

• ultrasound
• CEUS (contrast enhanced US)
• MRI

Question 3

liver: possible pathologies

Answer 3

[biggest parenchymal abdominal organ - double blood supply)

• predilection place for colorectal metastases
• cirrhosis
• fatty changes
• hematological problems
• primary liver tumors (HCC, CCC)

Question 4

benign liver tumors

Answer 4

• cysts: solitary or polycystic disease
• hemangioma
• follicular nodular hyperplasia (FNH)
• adenoma

Question 5

malignant liver tumors

Answer 5

• secondary: metastasis
• primary:
  1. hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  2. cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC)

Question 6

pancreas: possible pathologies

Answer 6

• acute pancreatitis
• subacute pancreatitis
• chronic pancreatitis & complcations - pseudocysts
• pancreatic tumors

Question 7

pancreatitis - CT classification (Balthazar)

Answer 7

stage A (0): normal pancreas

stage B(1): focal or diffuse thickening of the pancreas

stage C (2): pancreatic thickening with peripancreatic inflammatory signs

stage D (3): pancreatogen fluid content in one localisation

stage E (4): two or more fluid content and/or gas formation in the pancreas or near the pancreas

Question 8

spleen: possible pathologies

Answer 8

• benign: Cyst, calcification, hemangioma
• splenic vascular disorders: infarction
• malignant: metastasis, lymphoma, sarcoma (rare)
• splenic trauma